Dante and Islam is a significant work published in 1919 by the Spanish orientalist and academic Miguel Asín Palacios, which examines the relationship between Dante Alighieri's The Divine Comedy and Islamic sources. Palacios argues that Dante's descriptions of the afterlife were influenced by, among others, the works of Ibn Arabi and Abu al-Ala al-Ma'arri. This thesis caused a considerable stir in the Western world and led to long-standing debates.

Subject

The work provides a detailed examination of the similarities between the descriptions of hell, purgatory, and heaven in The Divine Comedy and those found in Islamic sources. Palacios contends that Dante used these elements by drawing from, in particular, Ibn Arabi's The Meccan Illuminations and Abu al-Ala al-Ma'arri’s The Epistle of Forgiveness. He also posits that Dante did not need to know Arabic to be aware of these sources, as existing translations into Latin and Spanish would have been sufficient for him to acquire this information.

Themes

• Descriptions of the Afterlife: The concepts of hell, purgatory, and heaven are compared with their counterparts in Islamic sources.
• Cultural Interaction: The reflection of cultural exchange between the Islamic and Christian worlds in the Middle Ages is discussed in Dante’s work.
• Literary Influence: The influence of Islamic texts on Western literature and how these influences are reflected in Dante’s work are analyzed.

Narration and Style

In the work, Palacios uses a systematic comparative method to detail the Islamic influences in Dante's work. The work is written with an academic language and a meticulous analysis, serving as a profound reference for those studying the relationship between Dante's The Divine Comedy and Islamic sources.