Elazığ Sour Cherry, scientifically known as Prunus cerasus L., is a sour cherry variety grown in Elazığ province, Türkiye. Registered as a designation of origin (mahreç işareti) on December 8, 2022, it is protected under Industrial Property Law No. 6769 through a geographical indication application by the Elazığ Provincial Directorate of Agriculture and Forestry.

Distinctive Features

Elazığ Sour Cherry is characterized by its dark burgundy color, round shape, and fleshy pulp. It has a medium-soft, fibrous texture and is notably juicy with a tart flavor. The fruit weight with stem ranges from 4.50–6 g, and without stem, 4.48–5.58 g. The high altitude (1,067 m), mountainous terrain, microclimate created by streams and rivers in the valleys, and the moderating effect of dams on the climate contribute to the unique qualities of this sour cherry specific to Elazığ’s geography.

Production Method

Elazığ Sour Cherry is grown from its own seeds or rooted cuttings without the use of rootstock. During orchard establishment, 2–3 tons of aged farm manure per decare is applied, repeated every three years. Inorganic fertilizers are used based on soil and leaf analyses for mature trees. Soil preparation involves deep plowing in autumn, followed by spring cultivation using a chisel, cultivator, and rake. Planting spacing is typically 4×4 m or 3×4 m.

Pruning is done in autumn during the trees’ dormant period, shaping them according to the modified leader system, with light pruning preferred throughout their lifespan. Irrigation, using flood or drip methods, is critical during flowering and fruit-setting periods (April–June).

Pest and disease control involves spraying after pruning and before bud break. For diseases like monilia, chemical treatments are applied in two stages based on flowering. Additional spraying may occur during fruit drop if needed.

Harvest occurs between late June and July, conducted manually in a single session, with care to avoid damaging branches. The average yield per tree is 25 kg.

Packaging and Storage

Harvested cherries are typically marketed in 2–5 kg cardboard boxes to prevent crushing. For cold storage, they are placed in wooden or plastic crates of the same capacity and stored at -1°C with 85–90% humidity for 2–3 weeks.

Uses

Elazığ Sour Cherry is consumed fresh as a table fruit and used in the production of ice cream, fruit yogurt, juice, and jam.

Geographical Connection and Inspection

The product has a long history in Elazığ and holds significant economic importance, establishing a reputation linked to the region. All production, processing, and related activities must occur within Elazığ province.

Inspections are conducted at least annually by a committee coordinated by the Elazığ Provincial Directorate of Agriculture and Forestry, comprising experts who verify orchard establishment, planting, cultural practices, harvest, storage conditions, and proper use of the Geographical Indication (Mahreç işareti) . Services from public or private entities may be utilized when necessary.