Ortahisar is the central district of Trabzon province. It is located in the Eastern Black Sea Region. It is the administrative, commercial, educational, and cultural center of Trabzon. It is situated on the ancient Silk Road. It has been a stage for the interaction of different civilizations. Today, it houses modern and historical structures together.
Trabzon Atatürk Mansion located in Ortahisar (karadeniz.gov.tr)
History
The settlement history of Ortahisar dates back to the Neolithic period. Archaeological findings have determined that there was a settlement in the region since 5000 BC. In ancient times, Trabzon was transformed into a trade port by Milesian colonists in the 8th century BC. It maintained its strategic importance during the Roman and Byzantine periods. It served as the capital of the Empire of Trebizond, founded in 1204. During this period, Ortahisar developed as a walled settlement encompassing the Upper Castle and Ortahisar regions. It came under Ottoman rule in 1461 and became the central district of Trabzon with the establishment of the Republic. It was restructured in 2012 with administrative regulations.
Geography and Climate
Ortahisar is located around the Trabzon city center. It is bordered by the Black Sea to the north and mountainous terrain to the south. The coastline is flat, while the inland areas are rugged. The Black Sea climate is observed; summers are mild and rainy, winters are temperate and snowy. Rainfall throughout the year intensifies the vegetation. Değirmendere and small streams pass through the district's borders.
Trabzon Ortahisar Mosque (Fatih Mosque) (Former Panagia Hrisokephalos Church) (Islam Encyclopedia)
Economy
Ortahisar is a region with intense economic activities in Trabzon. The district's economy is based on trade, industry, tourism, education, and service sectors. Trabzon Port contributes to national and international trade. Proximity to the airport supports economic activity. Educational institutions create employment and income. Tourism contributes to the economy through historical, cultural sites, natural beauties, and local cuisine. Food processing, construction materials, and small-scale production facilities constitute the industrial sector.
Historical Structures
Ortahisar houses various historical structures influenced by different civilizations throughout its long history. Trabzon Castle, located in the district center, consists of two sections, Lower and Upper Castle, and played a role in the city's defense in the past. The Hagia Sophia Museum from the Byzantine period stands out with its frescoes and architecture. The Gülbahar Hatun Mosque and Tomb, İskender Pasha Mosque, Çarşı Mosque, and Fatih Mosque (former Panagia Hrisokephalos Church) from the Ottoman period reflect the characteristics of the era. Additionally, Santa Maria Church (former Catholic Church), St. Eugenius Church (former Metropolitanate Building), Yeni Cuma Mosque (former St. Philippos Church), and the historical Bedesten also form the district's cultural heritage.
Trabzon Hagia Sophia Mosque (Islam Encyclopedia)
Tourism and Culture
Ortahisar has tourism potential with its historical, cultural, and natural features. Trabzon Castle, Hagia Sophia Museum, and Atatürk Mansion attract visitors. Its location on the Uzungöl route and local restaurants are important for gastronomy tourism. Coastal parks, recreational areas, and city center commerce offer opportunities to visitors. Trabzon Ortahisar Municipality is developing its tourism infrastructure.
Ortahisar exhibits cultural characteristics specific to the Black Sea Region. Local cuisine uses seafood, corn flour, and collard greens. Horon and kemençe (a string instrument) are featured in cultural events. Coppersmithing, filigree, wood carving, and weaving are among the traditional handicrafts. T
Education
Ortahisar is an important education center in the region. Within the district borders are Trabzon University and various faculties, vocational schools, and vocational high schools. Public and private educational institutions from primary school to high school provide services. This situation positions Ortahisar as an education center for the Eastern Black Sea.
