Zero Waste

Zero waste is an approach aimed at achieving environmental sustainability through the efficient use of natural resources, minimizing waste generation, and properly managing recyclable waste. This system, supported by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the Zero Waste International Alliance (ZWIA), can be implemented at individual, institutional and national levels. The concept of zero waste is based on preventing waste before it is generated, rather than merely disposing of it.

The zero waste approach, which includes the stages of prevention, reduction, reuse, recycling and energy recovery in waste management, also contributes to the circular economy. Unlike traditional waste management systems, the zero waste process aims not only to reduce waste quantities but also to transform only and consumption habits.

Zero Waste Movement in Türkiye

The zero waste movement in Türkiye was launched in 2017 by the Republic of Türkiye Environment, Ministry of Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change, and began to be implemented on a broader scale in 2019 through legal regulations. According to data, the amount of waste diverted to recycling increased by 30 percent between 2017 and 2023, and awareness were established on waste management.

The zero waste movement is addressed within a broad framework encompassing public institutions, the private sector and individual participation. Zero waste management has been made mandatory in public buildings, schools, hospitals and large corporations, and this process is supported by monitoring mechanisms. In addition, municipalities have widely expanded waste separation and recycling transformation systems, and various campaigns have been organized to raise public awareness.

Zero Waste Applications Worldwide

The International Day of Zero Waste, proclaimed by the United Nations, demonstrates the growing global recognition of zero waste. Projects supported by UNEP are implemented through collaborative efforts of municipalities, the private sector and civil society organizations across world. For example, within the Circular Economy Package implemented in the Europe Union, zero waste policies are being developed, and "Zero Waste Cities" concepts are gaining popularity in Japan.

Particularly Sweden, Germany and South Korea like have made significant progress in zero waste. In Sweden, 99 percent of waste is either recycled or converted into energy. Germany is among the countries that minimize waste production through strict solid waste recycling rules. South Korea has the most advanced practices in recycling organic waste.

Zero Waste Application at Home

Individual participation in the zero waste process is one of the most critical steps toward overall success. Some fundamental steps that can be applied at home include:

• Waste Separation: Materials such as organic waste, plastic, paper and glass must be separated and placed in appropriate recycling bins.
• Composting: Food scraps and organic waste can be converted into compost, directly usable as fertilizer.
• Avoiding Single-Use Products: Cloth bags should replace plastic bags, and glass or metal water bottles should be preferred over plastic ones.
• Recycling Awareness: Individuals should actively participate in municipal and private recycling systems to ensure proper waste disposal.

Zero Waste Certifications and Green Business Models

Various national and international certifications incentivize zero waste practices:

• Türkiye Zero Waste Certificate: Awarded to businesses that meet criteria established by the Ministry of Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change.
• LEED Certification: A U.S.-based international certification system for sustainable building design and waste management.
• B Corp Certification: A certification awarded to businesses that prioritize social and environmental responsibility.

Green business models encompass not only waste management but also energy efficiency, carbon foot footprint reduction and minimization of environmental impacts. Companies that develop eco-friendly production processes and adopt zero waste business models are committed to achieving both economic gain and a positive environmental image.

The Importance of Joining the Zero Waste Movement

The main benefits of individual and institutional participation in the zero waste movement are:

• Environmental Protection: Preserves ecological balance by reducing consumption of natural resources.
• Economic Gains: Recycling and waste reduction practices provide cost savings for businesses.
• Social Awareness: Contributes to creating a cleaner and more livable world.

Zero waste is not merely an environmental movement; it is also a process that supports economic and social development. Individuals, businesses and governments must adopt zero waste principles and support this process. Increasing awareness of zero waste is of great importance for achieving global sustainable development goals.

Zero Waste and Its Importance to Nature

The zero waste movement presents itself as a crucial step in shaping the future of the planet. It significantly benefits the environment not only by reducing waste but also by promoting a culture of recycling and reuse. As defined by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the tons of waste produced annually have negative impacts on nature. Zero waste is one of the most effective methods to address this problem and protect natural resources.

The Zero Waste Project in Türkiye and initiatives worldwide are raising public awareness and taking significant steps in waste management. Sources such as ZWIA (Zero Waste International Initiative) and the Türkiye Statistical Institute (TÜİK) provide data on how the zero waste understanding has broadly impacted societies and how it will expand in the future. Furthermore, the celebration of the World Zero Waste Day in 2024 has contributed to expanding this movement to wider audiences. Zero waste is not merely a change in lifestyle; it is a critical step toward protecting ecosystems and reducing environmental pollution.