Petra Ancient City
Have you ever imagined a massive city carved into the heart of colossal rock formations? Such a place truly exists, hidden in the very core of pink-hued rocks in the deserts of Jordan! This city, known as Petra, was created by ancient peoples who meticulously carved the rocks like intricate embroidery. Let us explore this mysterious city together!
Who Built This City?
Petra was founded and made the capital around 2,000 years ago by a people known as the Nabataeans, who lived in northern Arabia. The name Petra comes from the Greek word meaning “rock” or “stone.” The Nabataeans became so skilled at carving rock that they built magnificent palaces, temples, and homes in the desert.
The City Entrance: The Narrow Passageway (es-Sîk)
To enter Petra, you must pass through a unique and thrilling route called es-Sîk. This narrow passage is 1,200 meters long and flanked by towering rock walls up to 70 meters high. As you walk through it, you may feel like an ant moving between giants!
Magnificent Structures Carved from Rock
At the end of the path, you will encounter the city’s most famous structure: el-Hazne. This building stands 39 meters tall and is entirely carved from pink sandstone.
What else does the city contain?
- The Great Monastery (ed-Deyr): A large and simple structure located on the city’s hilltops.
- The Ancient Theatre: Carved into the mountainside, this theatre could accommodate up to 8,000 people for performances.
- Kasru’l-bint: A temple built from pink stone and one of the city’s most sacred sites.
Water Wizards in the Desert
Although Petra lies in the middle of a desert, its inhabitants never suffered from thirst. The Nabataeans were true “water wizards.” They constructed hidden aqueducts, dams, and underground cisterns to collect rainwater. Thanks to these innovations, they even created lush green gardens in the desert.
City of Wealthy Merchants
Petra was situated at a major crossroads of ancient trade routes. Caravans carrying spices, incense, and precious stones passed through here inevitably. The Nabataeans grew wealthy by providing water and security to these caravans, and they used their wealth to further beautify the city.
⏳ A Journey Through Time
(Box) Around 2,000 years ago, Petra reached its golden age. However, in 106 AD, the Roman Empire annexed the city, and control passed to the Romans.
