Horasan (District)

Erzurum’s eastern region, immediately beside the Aras River, is home to a very ancient district. This location, where the roads to Kars and Ağrı converge, has been a stopping point for travelers and caravans for centuries. Let us explore this place rich in historical and natural beauty together!

Journey into the Depths of History

The history of Horasan dates back over 4,000 years. This land has served as a home to numerous great empires including the Urartians, Medes, Persians, and Byzantines. Originally known as Üskühat, the town received its current name when Turkic communities from the Horasan region of Iran settled here.

Image Representing Horasan (generated by artificial intelligence)

While exploring the district, you will encounter Urartian inscriptions and ancient pilgrimage sites that whisper stories of the past. Although some historic structures suffered damage during the major earthquake of 1983, Horasan has continued to preserve its cultural heritage. 16 March 1918 remains the most special day in Horasan’s history, marking its liberation from foreign occupation.

The Jewel of the Aras: Çobandede Bridge

One of the most significant structures associated with Horasan is the historic Çobandede Bridge, located along the ancient Silk Road. Built in 1298 during the Ilkhanid period, this bridge spans a total length of 128 meters. Its most remarkable feature is the use of precisely cut stones in black, red, and gray hues.

Çobandede Bridge (generated by artificial intelligence)

How has this massive bridge remained intact for centuries beneath the water?

Architects laid layers of juniper trees beneath the bridge’s foundations to prevent it from sinking. They also left gaps between the bridge piers to reduce the structure’s overall weight. Thanks to these ingenious methods, the bridge still stands today.

Healing Waters and Natural Life

Horasan offers not only history but also nature’s wonders. Located ten kilometers from the district, the Hızırilyas Thermal Springs are renowned for their healing waters. These waters contain minerals such as calcium and carbon dioxide, attracting many visitors seeking to improve their health.

Hızırilyas Thermal Springs (generated by artificial intelligence)

The Aras River, along with the Zars Creek and Serküllü Creek, brings life to the land of Horasan. The local population primarily cultivates wheat using these water sources and engages in animal husbandry in villages and high mountain areas. Although winters here are harsh, spring rains turn the entire region lush and green.

A Journey Through Time

1298: The most magnificent structure in Horasan, the Çobandede Bridge, was constructed by Emir Çoban Noyin.