2025 Kosovo Parliamentary Elections

2025 Kosovo Parliamentary Elections were the seventh general elections since the country’s independence and were held on 9 February 2025. The elections determined the new members of the 120-seat Kosovo Assembly. In the vote, the Vetëvendosje (Self-Determination Movement) party, led by Prime Minister Albin Kurti, came first with 41.99 percent of the vote.

After the elections, no party achieved a majority sufficient to form a government alone. President Vjosa Osmani, in accordance with constitutional procedures, entrusted the task of forming a government first to Albin Kurti and then to Glauk Konjufca. After both attempts failed, Cumhurbaşkanı Osmani dissolved the Assembly on 20 November 2025 and announced that early elections would be held on 28 December 2025.

Kosovo Assembly, 19 November 2025 - (Anadolu Ajansı)

February 2025 General Elections

Election Day and Participation

General elections in Kosovo were held on 9 February 2025. The elections established the legislative process to determine 120 members of parliament. Voting on election day took place under the observation of monitors from the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, the Council of Europe and the European Union. KFOR forces ensured election security.

The Central Election Commission noted delays in announcing results due to technical failures. President Vjosa Osmani called for the integrity of the elections to be preserved, stating that “the integrity of the electoral process must be upheld and every vote must be counted accurately.”

Kosovo elections, 9 February 2025 - (Anadolu Ajansı)

Election Results

According to preliminary results, the Self-Determination Movement (Vetëvendosje), led by Prime Minister Albin Kurti, came first with 41.99 percent of the vote. The Democratic Party of Kosovo (PDK) received 22.68 percent, the Democratic League of Kosovo (LDK) received 17.9 percent, and the Alliance for the Future of Kosovo (AAK/NISMA) received 7.5 percent.

Based on the results, Vetëvendosje won 48 seats, PDK won 24, LDK won 20, and AAK/NISMA won 8. Twenty seats in the Assembly were allocated to minority communities: the Serb List received 9, the Democratic Democratic Party of Kosovo (KDTP) received 2, IRDK received 1, NDS received 1, SPO received 1, VAKAT received 1, PLE received 1, SDU received 1, PAI received 1, JGP received 1 and PREBK received 1.

2025 Kosovo Parliamentary Elections – Party Vote Shares and Seat Allocation (9 February 2025)

Albin Kurti’s Victory Statement

Following the election results, Prime Minister Albin Kurti, speaking at his party’s headquarters, stated, “We have won, and this confirms a good, prosperous and democratic government.” Kurti added, “We are the first party, the winning party that will form the new government.” Supporters of Vetëvendosje held celebrations in the capital Pristina after the results were announced.

In his remarks on coalition possibilities, Kurti said, “Our coalition will form our third government. We will continue our work. The people have won, Vetëvendosje has won.”

Prime Minister Albin Kurti at his party’s headquarters following the election results, 10 February 2025 - (Anadolu Ajansı)

Crisis in Government Formation

Deadlock in Assembly Presidency Election (March–April 2025)

The process to elect a new president of the Kosovo Assembly began on 15 April 2025 following the 9 February elections. However, five rounds of voting failed to produce a result.

The first-place party, Self-Determination Movement (Vetëvendosje), nominated Justice Minister Albulena Haxhiu for the Assembly presidency. In the fourth round of voting, Haxhiu received 57 votes but fell short of the 61 votes required to be elected.

After no result was achieved in the vote on 25 April 2025, the session was postponed to 27 April. In the fifth round on 27 April, Haxhiu again received 57 votes and was not elected.

The leaders of the Democratic Party of Kosovo (PDK) and the Alliance for the Future of Kosovo (AAK) stated they would consider supporting a different candidate from Vetëvendosje for the Assembly presidency.

Following the deadlock in the Assembly, the interim Assembly president repeatedly postponed sessions, preventing the formation of the Assembly and the government formation process. A minimum of 61 votes from the 120-seat Assembly is required to elect a government.

Prolonged Assembly Process and Political Stalemate (May–June 2025)

As of 9 May 2025, with no president elected, the government formation process had still not begun despite three months having passed since the general election. It was proposed during sessions that a temporary commission be established to conduct a secret ballot for the Assembly presidency, but most parties did not nominate members for the commission. As a result, no vote was held and the session was postponed to 11 May.

AAK President Ramush Haradinaj stated after the sessions that they were preparing to appeal to the Constitutional Court to review the decisions taken.

During the same period, representatives of the Democratic League of Kosovo (LDK) filed a complaint with the Kosovo Special Prosecution, accusing Prime Minister Albin Kurti and several ministers of having taken their parliamentary oaths without first resigning from their executive duties.

LDK also proposed the formation of a “national transitional government” to serve until the presidential elections. President Vjosa Osmani invited leaders of political parties for consultations aimed at overcoming the political deadlock. It was indicated that various options, including early elections, would be considered during these talks.

As of 9 June 2025, Assembly sessions had been postponed for the 29th time and a government had still not been formed. PDK President Memli Krasniqi described the parliamentary stalemate as “blocking the will of the citizens.”

During the same period, some citizens gathered in front of the Assembly demanding a solution from political party representatives. Vetëvendosje announced it would support early general elections alongside the local elections planned for autumn if its candidate could not be elected president.

Kosovo Assembly, 19 November 2025 - (Anadolu Ajansı)

Government Formation Attempts

Albin Kurti’s Nomination as Prime Minister

On 11 October 2025, President Vjosa Osmani exercised her constitutional authority to task the incumbent prime minister and Vetëvendosje General Secretary Albin Kurti with forming a government. The presidential statement read: “Osmani, in accordance with her constitutional powers, tasked Kurti with forming a government.”

Under the constitution, Kurti was required to submit his government structure and program to the Assembly for approval no later than 15 days. This process began eight months after the 9 February elections. The obstacle to government formation was removed with the election of Nenad Rašić to the Deputy Presidency of the Assembly, a seat reserved for the Serbian community.

On 26 October 2025, during a vote of confidence in the Assembly, Kurti’s proposed cabinet, known as the “Kurti 3 Cabinet,” received 56 “yes” votes, 52 “no” votes and 4 abstentions. This result fell below the 61 votes required to form a government. This marked the first time since 2001 that a prime ministerial candidate failed to secure confidence in the first vote. In his speech during the session, Kurti stated that no coalition agreement had been reached and appealed to members of parliament for support, emphasizing that he was asking for votes “in the interest of the public and the state.”

The opposition parties PDK, LDK and AAK jointly opposed Kurti’s government proposal. After the vote, PDK leader Memli Krasniqi declared, “Albin Kurti will no longer be prime minister.”

On the same day, Assembly President Dimal Basha announced that the next step rested with the president and that Osmani had ten days to nominate a new candidate.

Glauk Konjufca’s Second Attempt

Following Albin Kurti’s failed attempt, President Vjosa Osmani entrusted the task of forming a government on 19 November 2025 to Vetëvendosje member Glauk Konjufca.

In the vote of confidence in the Assembly, Konjufca’s cabinet received 56 “yes” votes, 53 “no” votes and 4 abstentions. Of the 120 members of the Assembly, 56 voted “yes,” 53 voted “no,” and 4 abstained.

This result fell below the 61-vote threshold required for confidence. Thus, the second attempt to form a government also failed. President Osmani had previously stated that if the government could not be formed in the second attempt, an early general election would be announced. Vetëvendosje representative Glauk Konjufca, in his speech before the vote, said, “The year 2025 will be remembered as a year wasted in attempts to build state institutions.”

With this vote, Kosovo entered a period in which, for the second time in ten months, an attempt to form a government had failed. Opposition parties in the Parliament demanded that President Osmani announce the date of early elections “as soon as possible.”

Kosovo President Vjosa Osmani announces the dissolution of the Assembly after both prime ministerial candidates failed to secure confidence in the Assembly, 20 November 2025 - (Anadolu Ajansı)

Dissolution of the Assembly and Decision for Early Elections

President Vjosa Osmani’s Decision

On 20 November 2025, President Vjosa Osmani dissolved the Kosovo Assembly and signed the decree for early elections. The presidential office stated: “Kosovo President Vjosa Osmani dissolved the Assembly on Thursday following the failure of two government formation attempts.”

This decision followed the failure of two consecutive prime ministerial candidates from Vetëvendosje to secure confidence in the Assembly. After Albin Kurti’s unsuccessful vote on 26 October 2025, fellow Vetëvendosje member Glauk Konjufca also failed on 19 November 2025, receiving 56 “yes,” 53 “no,” and 4 abstention votes.

President Osmani made her decision following consultations with party leaders. It was stated that the purpose of these consultations was, as required by the constitution, to determine the date of early elections. According to the Constitution of Kosovo, extraordinary elections must be held no later than 40 days after the announcement.

Setting the Election Date

On 20 November 2025, President Osmani officially announced that early general elections would be held on 28 December 2025. Osmani called on all political parties to conduct their campaigns “in accordance with the highest political standards.”

In the same statement, Osmani noted that the failure to approve the budget and to ratify international agreements in the Assembly would delay the country’s financing. She described the situation as involving “more than a billion euros in funds currently frozen.” With this decision, Kosovo entered the general election process for the second time in 2025.

Following the announcement of the election date, President Osmani told the public: “Our citizens urgently need stable and responsible institutions that will make decisions in their interest.”

With the dissolution of the Assembly by President Vjosa Osmani on 20 November 2025, the incumbent Prime Minister Albin Kurti will continue in office as acting prime minister until the completion of the election process.