Gaziantep Lahmacunu, a traditional pastry unique to the city of Gaziantep in Türkiye’s Southeastern Anatolia Region, is prepared using minced lamb meat processed with a special curved knife (zırh), and baked in a stone oven. This product holds a geographical indication under the category of designation of origin, and is produced using traditional methods specific to the designated region.
Origin and Characteristics
The origin of Gaziantep Lahmacunu lies in the region’s rich culinary heritage, especially in its use of zırh-minced meat. The dish is historically significant, being referred to as “lahm-ı acinli börek” by the 17th-century Ottoman traveler Evliya Çelebi in his renowned Seyahatname (Book of Travels). Over time, it has become one of the signature flavors of Gaziantep cuisine.
Gaziantep Lahmacun differs from other types of lahmacun through its method of preparation: it is exclusively baked in stone ovens, made with minced lamb prepared using the knife blade, and notably contains no onions. The meat used typically comes from 12–14-month-old male lambs, specifically from the brisket and rib sections. The meat content makes up 35–40% of the topping mixture, with a fat content of 20–24%. The filling also includes garlic, parsley, fresh green peppers, tomatoes, salt, black pepper, and red pepper flakes.
Gaziantep Lahmacun (Turkey Culture Portal)
Gaziantep Lahmacun Recipe
Ingredients (for 1 piece of lahmacun)
Dough (50–55 g):
- Wheat flour (for general purpose)
- Water (100–125 g per 1 kg of flour)
- Yeast (1–1.5 g per 1 kg of flour)
- Salt (1–2 g per 1 kg of flour)
Topping Mixture (90–100 g):
- Ground lamb (55–60%) – preferably from the breast and ribs of a 12–14-month-old male lamb
- Parsley (11–14%)
- Tomato (10–12%)
- Garlic (9–11%)
- Fresh pepper (8–10%)
- Black pepper and red pepper flakes (0.75–1%)
- Salt (0.75–0.90%)
Preparation
Meat Preparation
The lamb meat used in Gaziantep Lahmacunu is trimmed of sinews and cut into pieces approximately 8–10 cm in size. These are minced with a traditional large curved knife known as zırh. The use of meat grinders is prohibited. Approximately 15–16 grams of salt is added per kilogram of meat during this process to preserve texture without crushing the meat.
Dough Preparation
The dough is made from special-purpose wheat flour. To 1 kg of flour, 100–125 g of water, 1–1.5 g of yeast, and 1–2 g of salt are added and kneaded into a smooth, uniform dough. After resting for 30 minutes to rise, the dough is allowed to rest an additional 10–15 minutes and then divided into 100-gram portions.
Filling Preparation
The prepared minced meat is combined with parsley, garlic, tomatoes, and peppers to form the lahmacun filling. The vegetables are chopped to a similar size as the minced meat to ensure even distribution.
Shaping and Baking
The dough pieces are rolled out with a rolling pin into rounds no thicker than 3 mm. Each 50–55 g piece of dough is topped with 90–100 g of filling. The lahmacuns are then baked for 3–4 minutes in traditional stone ovens heated to 300–350°C. These ovens are made with a mixture of special stone and soil, which helps retain heat and ensure even cooking of the surface and interior.
Gaziantep Lahmacun (Turkey Culture Portal)
Geographical Indication Registration
Gaziantep Lahmacun was officially registered as a geographically indicated product on November 20, 2017, under Turkish Industrial Property Law No. 6769. The application was submitted by the Gaziantep Commodity Exchange. The registration requires that all stages of production take place within the borders of Gaziantep province, and adhere to traditional preparation techniques. It is registered under the designation of origin category (Registration No. 236).
Cultural Significance
Gaziantep Lahmacun is frequently consumed by locals during daily life as well as on special occasions. It is commonly served at weddings, funerals, holidays, and when hosting guests, making it a staple in social and ceremonial contexts. Lahmacun also contributes to the local economy with its cultural and gastronomic value.
