Historiography

History is a discipline that establishes its reality through the identification of events within the boundaries of time and the ground defined by experiment. In the science of history, history and historiography are distinct. History emerges only after being filtered through the historian’s perspective. Although historians pursue truth in their work, they can never ascertain an absolute truth concrete.

In historical methodology, there are narrative, individualistic, explanatory, and interpretive approaches. These have evolved over time, incorporating various addition and deductions that have shaped the development of historical science and methodology. Alongside this, textual analysis in historical methodology is conducted in different ways: examining the direct meaning of written sentences, identifying implied meanings within the text, decoding hidden meanings in the text, and revealing the facts within the text by thoroughly understanding the author in a manner akin to psychohistory.

(Source: Türkiye Yazarlar Birliği - https://www.tyb.org.tr/ibn-haldun-ve-tarih-metodolojisi-35332h.htm)

The purpose of studying the history of historical science is to become conscious, to be prepared for change over time, and to generate difference.

Historical methodology classifies documents into three categories: source document, primary document, and secondary document. Source documents contain elements that bear witness to reality, such as writing, word, and like. Primary documents provide a direct connection to the event or at least involve no intermediary source between the event and the document situation. Secondary documents are defined as those constructed either directly from primary sources of the period in which the event occurred or based on those primary sources independent.

Paradigm also occupies a central place in historical methodology. A paradigm refers to those phenomena, recognized as models in historical science, that have gained general acceptance as a result of long experience.

Moreover, as history has increasingly turned toward societal issues, its connection with sociology has strengthened. Economics has also become intertwined with historical events, establishing a connection with history. To enhance the acceptability of historical science and methodology, it is necessary to draw on experimental methods from many other disciplines such as economics data.

(Source: Typelish - https://typelish.com/b/pozitivist-metodoloji-ile-yorumlayici-metodolojinin-arasindaki-fark-nedir-105043)

Another concern of historical methodology is ethics, particularly the avoidance of plagiarism. When using contributions from others, these must be clearly acknowledged. If assistance has been sought in a specific area of knowledge, the author must indicate this in a footnote. In addition, the author must demonstrate due diligence in remaining faithful to the original text during transcription and translation together.

In historical methodology, rather than accepting menakıbnâmeler in their entirety, one can draw upon various elements within them. Locations, time periods, certain motifs, and specific parts of events can shed light for authors and readers. Likewise, when utilizing visual works, it is essential to consider the analyst’s perspective and accumulated knowledge, enabling meaningful use of the source image.

Research is highly important in historical science. Literature examination is necessary to shape the subject comprehensively and accurately. Author constructs its research on spatial, temporal, and contextual limitation foundations. When conducting research, information from the internet and archives may sometimes conflict. A rigorous methodology must be established to ensure the validity of the research.

Historians must base their work on the materials at hand, relying on observation and primary sources. Most primary sources have emerged as a result of observation. Before applying these sources, historians must not isolate themselves from questioning the source. They should compare sources with one another. Among the most important considerations is a thorough understanding of the historical period in which the source was produced to understand. Additionally, taking notes helps the author avoid overlooking key points. Before writing on a subject, the literature must not be ignored, and the topic should not be presented as if it were being addressed for the first time. If the intended text will not require extensive time, preparing an outline offers distinct advantages.

In the field of history, an ideal book is generally considered to be around 200 to 250 pages in length. In book criticism, it is regarded as correct to approach the book critically from multiple perspectives rather than merely summarizing it. Book reviews should not be overly long; a length of 3 to 6 page is considered appropriate. Visual elements used excessively as decoration in a work tend to distract the reader and are therefore rarely reasonable employed.