Geodiversity Day is an international observance held annually on October 6, aimed at highlighting the significance of geological diversity on Earth, encompassing rocks, minerals, soils, landscapes, and the dynamic processes that shape our planet. The day seeks to promote awareness of the Earth’s approximately four-billion-year geological history.
Objective
The primary objective of International Geodiversity Day is to raise awareness of the ecosystem services provided by geodiversity and to foster informed management of geological heritage, natural resources, and the sustainable utilization of the planet. This includes promoting understanding of past climate changes, the evolution of life, and encouraging the sustainable use of mineral resources.
Historical Background
October 6 was officially designated for annual commemoration by the 41st session of the UNESCO General Conference (41 C/Resolution 24). The resolution underscored that geodiversity constitutes the foundation of biodiversity, provides critical habitats for all life forms, and plays a pivotal role in human well-being and the sustainable governance of the planet. The resolution emphasizes the importance of conserving geological diversity, fostering scientific research, and supporting sustainable planetary management.【1】
In the context of celebrations and events, 19 international organizations, seven regional bodies, and 82 national institutions across 40 countries participate as stakeholders, including the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS), the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), and the African Association of Women in Geosciences (AAWG). The UNESCO Director-General has called upon member states, universities, research centers, civil society organizations, and other local actors to actively engage in the observance and provide extrabudgetary resources to support UNESCO’s initiatives.
Significance
Geodiversity constitutes a fundamental structural component of biodiversity, providing the substratum upon which ecosystems are established. It is crucial for the sustainability of human activities, particularly in sectors such as food production, water management, and energy supply. Additionally, geodiversity serves as a critical reference point for environmental conservation, natural resource management, and sustainable development practices.
UNESCO Contributions
As the UN-designated authority in Earth sciences, UNESCO has promoted international cooperation for over five decades through the International Geoscience Programme.
Through the Global Geoparks Network, UNESCO monitors and safeguards approximately 855,000 km² encompassing 229 geoparks in 50 countries. Biodiversity and geodiversity are conserved within Biosphere Reserves and World Heritage sites, while research initiatives and sustainable development activities are actively supported.
Society and Education
International Geodiversity Day is designed to ensure equitable societal benefits from geodiversity. Activities include the visitation of geological sites and the provision of educational and research opportunities in geosciences. Enhancing understanding of geological processes contributes to informed decision-making in environmental management and sustainable development.
