Lina Vasylivna Kostenko is a Ukrainian poet, prose writer, essayist, public figure, and one of the leading figures in Ukrainian literature of the second half of the 20th century. Her creative legacy is marked by a combination of high aesthetic standards and a civic position, while her life path reflects resilience in defending cultural and national identity.

Early Life and Education

Lina Kostenko was born on March 19, 1930, in the town of Rzhyshchiv in Kyiv Oblast, into a family of teachers. From a young age, she showed an inclination toward literature, which was encouraged by the intellectual atmosphere in her family. She studied at Kyiv Pedagogical Institute and the Moscow Literary Institute named after O. M. Gorky, graduating in 1956.

^{Lina Kostenko (1plus1.ua)}

Since the 1960s, Kostenko has become a prominent figure in Ukrainian literature, but her literary career was complicated by Soviet censorship. Her involvement in protests against the arrests of Ukrainian intellectuals and her public activism led to her new works being banned in Soviet publications starting from 1961. It wasn't until 1977 that her collection Nad Berehamy Vichnoyi Riky ("On the Banks of the Eternal River") was published, and in 1979, her historical poem Marusia Churai was released, which became a classic of Ukrainian literature. This marked her first significant step toward reviving her creative work after a prolonged hiatus.

In the 1980s, despite the challenging situation with publishing, Kostenko continued to write, though she remained outside the official literary process. She refused the Shevchenko Prize in 1987 as a protest against censorship and the restriction of free speech. In 2010, she returned to prose with her novel Zapysky ukrayinskogo samashedshogo ("Notes of a Ukrainian Madman"), which became popular among readers.

Creative Work of Lina Kostenko

Lina Kostenko’s creative output spans various genres of literature, including poetry, prose, and essays. Below are some of her key works:

Poetry Collections

1. Rays of the Earth (Prominnia Zemli) - 1957
2. Sails (Vytrila) - 1958
3. Journeys of the Heart (Mandryvky sertsia) - 1961
4. On the Banks of the Eternal River (Nad berehamy vichnoyi riky) - 1977
5. Uniqueness (Nepovtorhnist) - 1980
6. The Garden of Non-drowning Sculptures (Sad netanuchykh skulptur) - 1987
7. Berestechko - 1999
8. The River of Heraclitus (Richka Heraklita) - 2011

Prose

1. Notes of a Ukrainian Madman (Zapysky ukrayinskogo samashedshogo) - 2010

Essays

1. The Humanitarian Aura of the Nation, or the Defect of the Main Mirror (Humanitarna aura natsiyi, abo Defekt holovnoho dzerkala) - 2011

Historical Poem

1. Marusia Churai - 1979

Awards and Recognition of Lina Kostenko

Lina Kostenko has received numerous awards for her literary work, which highlights her significant role in the development of Ukrainian culture and literature. Below are some of the major awards and recognitions she has received:

State and International Awards

1. Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise, 5th Degree (2000)
2. Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise, 4th Degree (2020)
3. Shevchenko Prize (Refused in 1987)
4. Ovid Literary Award (2002)
5. Petrarch Prize (1994)
6. Antonovych Prize (1989)

National Recognition

1. Title of Honorary Citizen of Kyiv (2024)
2. Honorary Doctor of the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy (2000)

Other Recognitions

1. Kyiv Pectoral Literary Award (1999)
2. Vasyl Stus Literary Award (2013)

Contribution to Culture and Public Life

Lina Kostenko has been an active participant in public life and continues to engage in both literary and social matters. Her work has always been characterized by moral resilience, especially during Soviet censorship when she refused the Shevchenko Prize as a protest against political repression and the restriction of free speech. This act became a public symbol of the fight for the rights of Ukrainian artists.

Kostenko has been a strong advocate for preserving national cultural heritage and linguistic identity. Her works continue to contribute to the development of Ukrainian literature, culture, and language awareness in the country.

^{Lina Kostenko and Granddaughter (Suspilne Culture)}

Today, Lina Kostenko continues to influence new generations of readers and literary scholars. Her works are included in the curricula of both Ukrainian schools and universities, and her creativity remains the subject of numerous academic studies. She actively supports the development of national literature and remains a key figure in the Ukrainian literary process.