Snake Castle

Mysterious Castle, Legends, and History

Perched atop a high hill in the Ceyhan district of Adana, Yılan Kalesi is a structure steeped in both history and legend. Built by the Byzantines during the Middle Ages to safeguard the historic Silk Road route that crossed the Taurus Mountains and led to Antakya, the castle offers views of other fortresses such as Anavarza, Tumlu, and Kozan. With its eight circular towers and cleverly positioned walls, it was nearly impossible to conquer in its time.

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The Structure of the Castle

Entering through the southern gate, stone staircases lead up to terraces above, where a church, a cistern for water storage, and a garrison for soldiers can be found. Each tower is two stories high, with openings in the middle of the battlements for launching arrows or stones at attackers. Three gates provide access to the castle courtyard, and these gates were connected by movable stone staircases, enhancing security during attacks.

The Legend of Yılan Kalesi

Known locally as Şahmeran Kalesi, this site has become the center of legends involving serpents. According to tradition, the mythical creature Şahmeran lived here. Evliya Çelebi, who visited in the 17th century, described snakes with hairy necks and horns. Another tale claims that snakes in the castle are fed with milk; if they cannot find milk, they leave the castle and descend to Misis, where they harm people.

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Journey Through Time: The Middle Ages and Beyond

Although not certain, Yılan Kalesi is believed to have been constructed by the Byzantines in the 11th century. It was later repaired by the Crusaders and Armenians. Even today, one can observe stonework from these different historical periods within the castle walls.