Leonardo S.p.A. is a multinational Italian company operating in the Aerospace, Defence, and Security (AD&S) sectors. The company develops a wide range of military and civilian solutions for both public and private sectors, with particular expertise in electronic systems, aircraft, cybersecurity, space technologies, and unmanned systems. Leonardo aims to strengthen its position in the international arena through strategic partnerships, as well as research and development activities, in the global market.

Historical Development and Corporate Structure

Leonardo S.p.A. is an international industrial corporation whose origins date back to 1948, operating in the defence, aerospace, and security sectors. Playing a significant role in Italy’s industrialization process, the company was initially established under the name Finmeccanica. Over the years, it engaged in high-technology sectors such as aerospace, space, and electronics. Through strategic partnerships and corporate transformations, it has evolved to attain a significant position on a global scale. In 2017, following a comprehensive restructuring process, the company adopted the name “Leonardo,” renewing its brand identity.

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Its corporate structure consists of various divisions focused on different business sectors. The company operates in critical areas such as aerospace, helicopter systems, electronics, cybersecurity, space, and the defence industry. Additionally, Leonardo places significant emphasis on research and development activities, aiming to support its innovation processes through Leonardo Labs and joint research centres. In this context, Leonardo actively participates in defence industry programs at both the European and international levels, particularly engaging in projects supported by NATO and the European Union.

The company’s growth process has been shaped not only by organic expansion but also through acquisitions and strategic partnerships. Since the 1990s, Leonardo has established various international collaborations to enhance its global competitiveness in the aerospace and defence sectors. In the 2000s, it further expanded these partnerships, becoming an integral player in the global supply chain. In this regard, subsidiaries such as AgustaWestland (helicopter systems), Alenia Aermacchi (aerospace), and Selex ES (electronic systems) were gradually consolidated under a single structure, resulting in Leonardo’s transformation into a unified corporate entity.

From a corporate governance perspective, Leonardo strives to operate within the framework of sustainability and ethical principles. The company’s strategic orientation is built upon adopting a sustainable growth model driven by innovation in the context of global competition. Leonardo’s historical development has been shaped by critical transformations in industrialization, technological advancements, and global strategic partnerships. Its corporate structure is founded on an integrated organizational model aimed at developing innovative and sustainable technologies within the defence and aerospace industries.

Fields of Activity and Industrial Expertise

Leonardo S.p.A. is an international industrial group operating in the defence, aerospace, security, and space technology sectors. Leveraging its extensive expertise and technological infrastructure, the company delivers a broad range of products and services to both public and private sector stakeholders on a global scale. Its activities are primarily concentrated in strategic, high-technology industries, with projects developed in the fields of aerospace, helicopter systems, electronics, cybersecurity, and the space industry.

In the aerospace domain, Leonardo focuses on the design, production, and maintenance of military and civil aircraft. The company develops a wide range of platforms, including fixed-wing aircraft, trainer jets, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and competes in the global market with its innovative solutions. For instance, the M-346 advanced trainer aircraft provides cutting-edge solutions for pilot training and has been adopted by the air forces of several countries. Additionally, Leonardo plays a critical role in the Eurofighter Typhoon programme, contributing to the production and integration of key components, reinforcing its position within Europe’s defence industrial base.

In the field of helicopter systems, the company designs and manufactures helicopters for both commercial and military applications. Following its historical partnership with AgustaWestland, Leonardo has emerged as a global leader in helicopter systems. Models such as the AW101, AW139, and NH90 are utilised for a wide array of missions, including search and rescue operations, maritime patrols, VIP transportation, and military operations. These helicopters feature modular designs, allowing for customisation according to mission requirements and the integration of various weapons and sensor systems.

Electronics and defence systems represent another core area of expertise for Leonardo. The company develops critical technologies such as radar systems, electro-optical sensors, communications systems, and combat management solutions. Its activities in the electronics sector are particularly concentrated on radar and sensor systems used in military platforms. Leonardo’s advancements in electronic warfare and command and control systems enhance operational effectiveness on modern battlefields. Notable examples include the ECRS Mk2 radar, which enhances the capabilities of the Eurofighter Typhoon, and the EMPAR radar, offering multi-purpose functionality for naval platforms.

In the cybersecurity and information technology domains, Leonardo provides a range of solutions aimed at protecting critical infrastructure and ensuring the security of digital systems. The company designs AI-powered threat analysis platforms, network security solutions, and secure communication infrastructures for governments, defence agencies, and private sector clients. Among these, the X-2030 platform stands out with its capabilities in big data analysis and AI-driven cyber threat detection.

In space technologies, Leonardo engages in the development of satellite systems, remote sensing solutions, and space observation technologies. Collaborating with the European Space Agency (ESA) and other international organisations, Leonardo contributes to various space exploration programmes. The company has played key roles in missions such as Cassini-Huygens, Copernicus, and PRISMA, specialising in remote sensing and Earth observation technologies. Additionally, Leonardo manufactures critical components for projects such as the European Service Module of NASA's Orion spacecraft, contributing to international space exploration initiatives.

Leonardo’s fields of activity are concentrated in sectors that require advanced technologies and hold strategic significance on a global scale. Its expertise in aerospace, helicopter systems, electronics, cybersecurity, and space technologies positions the company as a key player in the global defence and security industry.

^Leonardo

Research, Development, and Innovative Technologies

Leonardo regards research and development (R&D) activities as a strategic priority aimed at fostering technological innovation and enhancing its competitive advantage in the industry. The company's efforts to develop innovative solutions are concentrated in areas such as artificial intelligence (AI), quantum technologies, autonomous systems, digital twins, and high-performance computing (HPC). Within this framework, Leonardo’s R&D initiatives focus on improving industrial production processes while developing advanced technologies for both military and civilian applications.

Leonardo's innovation approach is supported by its Leonardo Labs technology incubators. These laboratories conduct research in fields such as artificial intelligence, big data analytics, cybersecurity, robotics, and advanced material technologies, fostering multidisciplinary projects. Leonardo Labs also collaborate with universities and research centers to ensure the integration of scientific research into industrial applications.

Leonardo’s investments in high-performance computing (HPC) represent a key component supporting its R&D processes. The company's davinci-1 supercomputer is utilised for large-scale data analysis, AI applications, and digital simulations. This platform plays a critical role in the design and simulation of air, naval, land, and space systems. For example, autonomous systems and AI-assisted battle management systems are developed through the computational power provided by davinci-1. Additionally, the supercomputer supports complex simulations for flight dynamics analysis, aerodynamic optimisation, and space systems development.

The company’s R&D efforts are also advancing in the field of quantum technologies. Leonardo is conducting research in quantum computing, quantum communication, and quantum sensing, aiming to develop next-generation information processing technologies. These technologies have the potential to transform cryptography, precision sensor systems, and secure communications. Leonardo seeks to employ quantum technologies within defence, cybersecurity, and intelligence systems to enhance data security and processing capacity.

Autonomous systems and AI applications constitute a significant area of focus within Leonardo’s R&D activities. The company develops unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), and autonomous naval platforms, equipped with AI-assisted mission planning, sensor fusion, and autonomous decision-making capabilities. Systems such as the Falco Xplorer and AWHERO UAVs are designed for reconnaissance, surveillance, and intelligence missions. These platforms, leveraging advanced sensor technologies and data analytics, are capable of operating independently in dynamic environments and providing real-time intelligence to operators.

Leonardo’s work in digital twin technologies aims to optimise industrial production processes and improve system performance throughout their life cycles. Digital twins create virtual models of physical systems, enabling real-time data analysis and simulations that enhance maintenance, fault detection, and operational efficiency. In the aerospace and defence sectors, digital twins of aircraft and helicopter systems help reduce maintenance costs and improve operational effectiveness.

Moreover, Leonardo’s R&D initiatives encompass sustainability-focused technologies. The company is developing electric and hybrid propulsion systems, hydrogen fuel cells, and environmentally friendly materials to reduce carbon emissions. These efforts are directed toward producing more sustainable solutions for the aerospace and defence industries. For instance, Leonardo employs next-generation lightweight composite materials in its aircraft and helicopter systems, which improve fuel efficiency and minimise environmental impact.

Leonardo’s R&D and innovation activities play a critical role in strengthening its global competitiveness in high-technology sectors and shaping the future of defence, aerospace, and security solutions. Investments in AI, quantum technologies, digital twins, autonomous systems, and HPC accelerate the company’s technological transformation and promote industrial innovation.

Defence and Security Solutions

Leonardo supports the modernisation of both military and civilian systems through its comprehensive defence and security solutions. The company develops integrated systems across air, land, sea, space, and cyber domains to address national and international security requirements. Evolving threat perceptions, digitalisation, and the proliferation of autonomous systems necessitate Leonardo’s commitment to delivering innovative solutions. At the core of its defence offerings are multi-domain operational systems. Modern military operations now encompass not only land, air, and sea components but also cybersecurity and space technologies within a multi-domain approach. In this regard, Leonardo plays a critical role in air defence with platforms such as the Eurofighter Typhoon, NH90, and C-27J Spartan. These systems offer superior manoeuvrability, advanced sensor integration, and network-centric operational capabilities tailored to modern combat environments.

Leonardo’s naval defence systems portfolio is equally comprehensive. The company develops advanced solutions in multifunctional radar systems, torpedoes, sonar systems, ship defence technologies, and naval platforms. For instance, the Athena MK2/U Combat Management System was specifically designed for deployment on next-generation U212 Near Future Submarine (NFS) platforms. It features AI-supported target analysis, advanced sonar integration, and autonomous sensor management functionalities. Furthermore, Leonardo’s 76/62 Super Rapid naval gun and A184 torpedo systems are widely adopted by naval forces across the globe.

Cybersecurity constitutes a vital component of Leonardo’s security solutions. The increasing prevalence of digital threats and cyberattacks poses significant risks for both state and private-sector actors. Leonardo’s Cyber & Security Academy offers advanced training in cyber threat detection, risk analysis, attack simulations, and crisis management. Additionally, the X-2030 Command and Control platform leverages big data analytics, artificial intelligence, and 5G technologies to deliver real-time threat detection for critical infrastructure protection. This system is widely used in public safety, border security, and disaster management applications.

Space security has emerged as an integral element of contemporary defence strategies. Leonardo develops satellite-based surveillance systems, space communication technologies, and hyperspectral imaging solutions. The PRISMA (PRecursor Hyperspectral Application Mission) satellite, equipped with advanced hyperspectral sensors, is capable of analysing the chemical and physical composition of Earth’s surface. This technology is utilised in environmental monitoring, border security, and military reconnaissance operations. Furthermore, Leonardo’s involvement in the Artemis I space mission underpins its contribution to lunar exploration and deep-space missions by providing critical infrastructure.

Unmanned and autonomous systems are increasingly prevalent in modern warfare and security environments. Leonardo has developed unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) such as the Falco Xplorer, AWHERO, and Mirach 100/5. These platforms are designed for surveillance, reconnaissance, target acquisition, and intelligence missions. In addition, Leonardo’s unmanned underwater systems and autonomous ground vehicles provide protection against asymmetric threats.

Leonardo’s defence capabilities are further enhanced by its integrated combat management systems. The ECRS Mk2 radar, a principal sensor of the Eurofighter Typhoon, is a multifunctional radar system supporting air-to-air and air-to-ground modes. It integrates electronic warfare capabilities, high-resolution target tracking, and autonomous threat detection. Similarly, the EMPAR (European Multifunction Phased Array Radar) system is employed in naval defence operations, offering target detection, tracking, and missile guidance functionalities.

Sustainability is also a critical factor in Leonardo’s defence and security solutions. The company is engaged in developing renewable energy systems, low-carbon emission materials, and environmentally friendly munitions. Its electric and hybrid propulsion systems aim to enhance fuel efficiency in military platforms while reducing their carbon footprint. Additionally, Leonardo has designed biodegradable munitions to minimise environmental impact.

Leonardo’s defence and security solutions focus on multi-domain warfare systems, autonomous platforms, cybersecurity, space security, and sustainable military technologies. The company’s innovative systems deliver effective responses to modern security threats, enhancing the effectiveness of military operations and playing a critical role in shaping national security strategies.

Aerospace and Space Technologies

Leonardo stands as a global actor in the field of aerospace and space technologies through its advanced solutions and integrated systems. The company develops products in the areas of commercial and military air platforms, space systems, avionics, and air traffic management, offering these technologies to the global market through international partnerships. As the aerospace and space industries undergo rapid transformation under the influence of digitalisation, autonomous systems, and environmental sustainability, Leonardo responds to these changes with innovative engineering solutions and advanced material technologies.

Commercial and Military Aviation

Leonardo possesses significant expertise in the design, production, and integration of both civil and military air platforms. Its activities in this sector encompass fixed-wing aircraft as well as rotary-wing systems.

Fixed-Wing Aircraft

In the field of commercial aviation, one of Leonardo’s flagship projects is the ATR 42/72 regional aircraft series, developed in partnership with Aeritalia and Aérospatiale. The ATR series is recognised for its fuel efficiency, low operating costs, and suitability for short-haul routes. These aircraft stand out particularly for their low carbon emissions and contribution to sustainable air transport.

In military aviation, platforms such as the C-27J Spartan and M-346 Master hold critical importance. The C-27J Spartan is designed for tactical transport operations with its high manoeuvrability and capability to operate from short and unprepared airstrips. The M-346 Master, an advanced jet trainer, plays a key role in preparing pilots for fourth and fifth-generation combat aircraft with its sophisticated training systems.

Leonardo also plays an essential role in the Eurofighter Typhoon programme. Designed as a multirole combat aircraft, the Typhoon is employed by several European air forces for both air-to-air and air-to-ground missions. Leonardo is responsible for the development of avionics systems, radar technologies, and electronic warfare capabilities of the Typhoon.

Rotary-Wing Systems: Helicopters

Leonardo is one of the world's leading manufacturers of helicopter technology. Its platforms, such as the AW101, AW169, AW139, and A129 Mangusta, are used in a wide range of military and civil applications.

• AW101: A long-range, multi-role helicopter employed in anti-submarine warfare, search and rescue, and troop transport missions.
• AW139: Designed for commercial and public service operations, including air ambulance services, VIP transportation, and offshore oil platform transfers.
• A129 Mangusta: Europe’s first indigenous attack helicopter, capable of engaging armoured targets with high precision and equipped with autonomous target tracking and night vision systems.

Leonardo is also involved in the development of tiltrotor technology. The AW609 tiltrotor combines the vertical take-off and landing capability of a helicopter with the speed and range of a fixed-wing aircraft. These features offer significant advantages in search and rescue, VIP transportation, and emergency response operations.

Space Systems and Satellite Technologies

Space has become increasingly significant in both commercial and defence sectors. Leonardo develops satellite systems, space exploration projects, and remote sensing technologies.

• PRISMA (PRecursor Hyperspectral Application Mission): An Italian hyperspectral imaging satellite used in environmental monitoring, disaster management, and agricultural analysis.
• Copernicus Programme: An Earth observation initiative led by the European Space Agency (ESA). Leonardo contributes by developing satellite sensors and data processing systems.
• Artemis I: As part of this manned space exploration programme, Leonardo has supplied key components such as the electrical and thermal control systems for the Orion capsule and the European Service Module (ESM).

Leonardo also develops secure military communication and intelligence satellites, such as the Athena-Fidus system, providing high data security infrastructures for critical military operations.

Air Traffic Management and Avionics Systems

Air traffic management (ATM) and avionics systems are key components of modern aviation. Leonardo provides ATM systems and avionics solutions on a global scale.

• SESAR (Single European Sky ATM Research): Leonardo participates in this programme aimed at developing digitalised air traffic management systems.
• Gabbiano Radar Series: High-resolution radars used for airborne surveillance and reconnaissance operations.
• ECRS Mk2 Radar: A next-generation electronically scanned array radar developed for the Eurofighter Typhoon, offering superior performance in detecting both air and ground threats.

Leonardo also develops avionics solutions such as onboard electronic systems, flight control systems, data links, and mission computers. Current research includes autonomous flight systems and AI-supported flight management technologies.

Sustainable Aviation and Future Projects

The future of the aerospace and space sectors centres around carbon-free flight technologies, electric and hybrid aircraft, sustainable aviation fuels (SAF), and green aviation initiatives. Leonardo conducts R&D on hydrogen-powered aircraft systems, next-generation electric propulsion technologies, and environmentally friendly materials. Research within Leonardo Innovation Labs and Leonardo Labs supports the development of new-generation autonomous aircraft, quantum computing-assisted air traffic management, and AI-based flight analytics.

Defence and Security Systems

The evolving international security landscape is characterised by complex threats and asymmetric risks. Modern defence industries require systems capable of detecting multilayered threats, delivering precision responses, and operating effectively across various domains. Leonardo addresses these needs by developing advanced radar systems, missile defence solutions, electronic warfare technologies, and integrated command and control systems for land, air, sea, and cyber security platforms.

Electronic Warfare and Sensor Systems

Electronic warfare systems are a critical element in enhancing the operational capabilities of modern militaries. Leonardo develops advanced radar and detection systems to identify, disrupt, and deceive adversarial threats.

• Kronos Radar Family: AESA-based radars providing long-range detection, tracking, and guidance for both air and naval platforms.
• BriteCloud Active Expendable Decoy: An electronic countermeasure system designed to protect aircraft, UAVs, and naval platforms from radar-guided missiles.
• ECRS Mk2 Radar: A high-resolution AESA radar system for the Eurofighter Typhoon, capable of detecting air-to-air and air-to-ground threats and integrating into electronic warfare applications.

Leonardo also develops missile systems, air defence radars, and ground surveillance sensors to strengthen threat detection and response capabilities.

Air Defence and Missile Systems

As air threats become increasingly complex due to advancements in ballistic missiles, UAVs, and hypersonic weapons, Leonardo develops integrated air defence systems for allied militaries.

• ASTER Air Defence System: Provides effective defence against ballistic missiles and air-breathing threats with high precision engagement capabilities.
• CAMM (Common Anti-Air Modular Missile): A short- to medium-range modular air defence missile system deployable from ships, land vehicles, and aircraft.
• Falcon Shield: A counter-UAV system designed to detect and neutralise enemy drones through a combination of optical sensors, radar, and electronic jamming technologies.

Leonardo’s integrated air defence solutions include early warning radars and multi-layered missile defence systems aimed at enhancing operational efficiency against aerial threats.

Naval Defence Systems

Naval operations demand advanced sensors, guided weapon systems, and combat management solutions to counter surface and underwater threats. Leonardo offers comprehensive command and control, sonar, radar, and torpedo defence systems for naval platforms.

• Athena Combat Management System: An integrated solution for naval platforms managing all processes from target detection to weapon system engagement.
• OTO Melara 76/62 Super Rapid Gun System: A naval artillery system capable of engaging both aerial and surface threats with a wide range of munitions.
• U212 Near Future Submarine (NFS) Programme: Newly developed submarines for the Italian Navy featuring low acoustic signatures and advanced sonar capabilities.

These advanced radar systems, torpedo defence solutions, and long-range guided missile systems reinforce Leonardo’s strategic role in naval defence.

Land Defence and Autonomous Systems

With the transformation of traditional battlefields, autonomous systems, robotic technologies, and unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) are gaining significance. Leonardo is advancing land defence systems, electronic solutions for armoured vehicles, and autonomous combat systems.

• Freccia 8x8 Armoured Infantry Fighting Vehicle: A modular vehicle adaptable for various missions, offering high mobility and protection.
• A184 Advanced Heavyweight Torpedo System: Autonomous torpedoes designed for submarines and surface platforms with advanced target tracking capabilities.
• Uncrewed Ground Vehicles (UGVs): Autonomous land vehicles reducing operational risks in reconnaissance, logistics, and combat missions through AI-supported sensors and navigation.

Cyber Security and Digital Defence

Cyber threats pose escalating risks in modern warfare and security domains. Leonardo develops advanced cybersecurity solutions for critical infrastructures, government systems, and military networks.

• X-2030 Situational Awareness Platform: Integrates satellite imagery, radar data, and AI analytics to support crisis management, border security, and cyber threat detection.
• Cyber Range and Cyber Trainer: Advanced training systems providing real-time cyber attack simulations to prepare security professionals.
• Autonomous Cyber Defence Systems: AI and machine learning-based threat detection platforms protecting critical infrastructures by preemptively identifying attacks.

Leonardo develops secure communication systems, data transmission technologies, and AI-based threat analysis solutions to protect sensitive information and ensure national security. Leonardo’s advancements in electronic warfare, missile defence systems, naval and land defence platforms, and cybersecurity solutions solidify its position as a key player adapting to technological innovations within the global security landscape.

Aerospace and Space Systems

Aerospace and space technologies hold strategic importance in both military and civilian domains. Modern air platforms are equipped with high maneuverability, advanced aerodynamic structures, and integrated electronic systems, assuming critical roles in terms of security and operational efficiency. Leonardo develops combat aircraft, trainer and light attack aircraft, civil and military helicopters, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and space systems within this scope.

Military Aviation Programs

Military aviation encompasses a broad range of technologies, including combat and trainer aircraft. Leonardo plays an active role in both European and global defense markets with its combat and trainer aircraft platforms.

• Eurofighter Typhoon: As part of the Eurofighter consortium, Leonardo contributes to the production and development of the Eurofighter Typhoon. This multirole combat aircraft is designed for air superiority, ground attack, and reconnaissance missions, equipped with advanced avionics systems and integrated weapons.
• M-346 Master: Designed as an advanced jet trainer, the M-346 is among the most sophisticated platforms for training pilots transitioning to modern combat aircraft. It offers a high level of training realism through embedded simulation systems and artificial threat generation.
• C-27J Spartan: This medium-class military transport aircraft stands out with its high payload capacity, short takeoff and landing capability, and ability to operate in challenging weather conditions.

Leonardo also continues its work on the development of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and long-range surveillance systems designed for intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) operations.

Civil and Military Helicopters

Helicopter technologies are widely used in both civilian and military operations. Leonardo manufactures multipurpose, light, medium, and heavy class helicopters and delivers these systems to a wide range of users around the world.

• AW101 Multi-Role Helicopter: A three-engine heavy helicopter used in naval operations, search and rescue (SAR), personnel transportation, and battlefield support. It is distinguished by its long-range flight capacity and ability to operate in severe weather conditions.
• AW139 Medium-Class Helicopter: Designed for both civilian and military use, this high-performance medium helicopter is employed in emergency medical services (EMS), SAR missions, VIP transportation, and energy sector operations.
• A129 Mangusta: Italy's first domestically developed attack helicopter, the A129 Mangusta features advanced fire control systems, high maneuverability, and low radar signature. It is an effective system for anti-tank and air-to-air combat operations.

Leonardo is also working on hybrid and electric helicopter projects as part of its sustainability goals in aviation.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Autonomous Systems

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have a broad range of applications today, from military operations to civilian surveillance and disaster management. Leonardo develops high-tech UAV systems designed for surveillance and reconnaissance missions.

• Falco Xplorer: This long-range, high-altitude surveillance UAV can remain airborne for over 24 hours. Equipped with satellite communication capabilities, it plays a critical role in intelligence and reconnaissance missions by enabling long-distance data transmission.
• AWHERO: An unmanned helicopter system designed for advanced maritime operations and coast guard activities. AWHERO is capable of remote control and autonomous operations.
• Skyward Optronic System: An electro-optical sensor system developed for airborne reconnaissance, surveillance, and border security. It integrates with UAVs and helicopters to deliver high-resolution imaging and target detection.

These systems are equipped with artificial intelligence-supported decision-making mechanisms to enhance safety in autonomous operations.

Space Systems and Satellite Technologies

Space technologies have become critical in observation, communication, navigation, and scientific research. Leonardo participates in various projects involving satellite systems, space exploration, and orbital support technologies.

• PRISMA Hyperspectral Satellite System: A high-resolution hyperspectral satellite that analyzes Earth's surface and monitors ecological changes. It is used in areas such as agriculture, water resource management, and disaster monitoring.
• COSMO-SkyMed: A satellite constellation employing synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technology. This system provides high-resolution imagery for strategic data collection in both military and civilian applications.
• Artemis Program: Conducted in collaboration with NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA), Leonardo develops space systems for lunar exploration missions. The company has designed energy management systems and modules for the Orion spacecraft.

Leonardo also continues to develop high-capacity satellite communication systems and new technologies for space research and deep space exploration.

Autonomous Systems and Artificial Intelligence Applications

Autonomous systems and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have become key components in shaping the defense and aerospace industries. Leonardo focuses on developments in this field, working on both unmanned aerial, land, and naval vehicles, as well as the supporting algorithms for these systems. AI-enabled systems are deployed across a wide range of applications, from autonomous UAVs with maneuvering capabilities to advanced radar and target designation systems. These technologies play critical roles, particularly in complex military operations, including intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) missions.

Leonardo’s AI-based systems are equipped with big data analytics, aimed at optimizing threat detection and decision-support mechanisms. For instance, its autonomous land and aerial vehicles are capable of rapidly analyzing specific threat elements and making operational decisions accordingly. Additionally, AI-based autonomous systems enhance cybersecurity by predicting threats in advance and reinforcing defense mechanisms.

Leonardo's aerospace and space systems, spanning military and civilian air platforms, unmanned aerial vehicles, space observation systems, and communication solutions, constitute a wide technological portfolio. These systems serve as fundamental components of modern defense and civil operations.

Cybersecurity and Digital Transformation

In today’s world, cybersecurity has become one of the fundamental components of national security strategies. Leonardo makes substantial investments in large-scale research and technological development to build resilient systems capable of countering cyber threats. The company’s efforts in the field of cybersecurity encompass diverse areas such as the protection of critical infrastructures, securing military communication networks, and ensuring data integrity. Considering the increasing complexity of cyber threats and the rising number of cyberattacks, Leonardo’s digital security solutions are reinforced by AI-driven cyber threat analysis and intelligence systems.

Leonardo develops cybersecurity solutions with a wide range of applications, from high-security military systems to commercial platforms. The company’s cybersecurity strategy integrates both proactive threat prevention systems and real-time cyberattack detection and response mechanisms. In the process of digital transformation, Leonardo prioritizes the integration of big data analytics, cloud computing, and AI-driven systems. These cybersecurity solutions aim to create a secure digital ecosystem for both government institutions and the private sector by providing end-to-end data protection.

Maritime and Defense Systems

Maritime and defense systems remain central to modern military strategies. Leonardo advances maritime security and defense through innovative technologies developed specifically for naval platforms. The company focuses on submarines, warships, unmanned surface and underwater vehicles (USVs and UUVs), and coast guard systems. In this domain, Leonardo designs next-generation radar systems, sonar technologies, and combat management systems.

Leonardo’s radar and sonar systems offer high precision in anti-submarine warfare (ASW) and surface warfare management (SWM) operations. Additionally, the company’s unmanned maritime vehicles enhance the effectiveness of reconnaissance and intelligence activities during naval operations, providing cost-effective and risk-free solutions by eliminating direct human involvement. Leonardo’s maritime systems are equipped with multi-mission capabilities and incorporate advanced defense mechanisms against both surface and subsurface threats.

Moreover, the modern combat management systems developed by Leonardo enhance the command-and-control capabilities of warships, optimizing threat detection and response processes. The company’s technological innovations in the maritime sector are further strengthened by integrated combat systems and AI-supported analytical software.

Satellite and Space Exploration Systems

Space technologies hold strategic importance for both civilian and military applications. Leonardo engages in global collaborations through its projects in satellite and space exploration systems. The company’s satellite systems serve a wide range of purposes, including observation, communication, navigation, and security. Leonardo’s space exploration initiatives mainly focus on Earth observation satellites and communication satellites. Projects such as COSMO-SkyMed play a critical role in disaster management, climate change monitoring, and border security. In addition, thanks to advanced electro-optical systems and radar technologies, the data obtained from space is analyzed with greater precision and effectiveness.

Leonardo’s work in space exploration also extends to international programs aimed at lunar and Martian missions. The avionics systems, communication modules, and scientific instruments developed by the company for spacecraft support a variety of activities, from security and intelligence operations to scientific research.

Logistics and Maintenance Support Systems

In the defense and aerospace sectors, logistics and maintenance support systems are essential to increasing operational efficiency. Leonardo develops integrated maintenance solutions for military and civilian air platforms, ground vehicles, and naval vessels. These systems are equipped with advanced monitoring and analytical mechanisms to ensure uninterrupted operations.

Leonardo’s logistics support systems are designed to optimize the maintenance processes of platforms such as aircraft, helicopters, and ships, reduce life-cycle costs, and enhance operational continuity. AI-powered predictive maintenance systems accelerate preventive maintenance processes by identifying potential failures in advance. This approach not only reduces costs but also improves operational safety.

The logistics support solutions offered by Leonardo are integrated with Digital Twin technology, making maintenance processes more effective. Additionally, the use of big data analytics and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies ensures faster and more efficient management of maintenance operations.

Leonardo’s Future Vision and Strategic Plans

Leonardo holds an international position in the global defense and aerospace industry and builds its future strategic objectives on sustainability, digitalization, and innovative technologies. The company’s long-term strategic plans focus on areas such as artificial intelligence, autonomous systems, space technologies, cybersecurity, and energy efficiency. Among its future goals are the development of environmentally friendly defense systems with a reduced carbon footprint, the provision of security solutions for smart cities, and the expansion of international collaborations to strengthen its global competitiveness. Leonardo’s strategic vision aims to shape the future of the defense and aerospace industries by developing high-tech, sustainable, and innovative solutions.