Perre Ancient City (Adıyaman)

Perre Ancient City is located approximately five kilometres northwest of the city centre of Adıyaman, within the boundaries of Örenli Village, in Türkiye’s Southeastern Anatolia Region. Perre, one of the five major cities of the Kingdom of Commagene, is a significant settlement site that reflects the historical and archaeological identity of the region through its rock tombs, water channels and inscriptions. The city was also used during the Roman and Byzantine periods and held a strategic position as one of the key religious, cultural and commercial transit points.

Historical Background

Perre emerged as an important city during the period of the Kingdom of Commagene. It continued to be inhabited during the Roman and Byzantine periods, and structures and remains from these eras have survived to the present day. Its participation in the Council of Nicaea in 325 CE demonstrates its significance as a religious centre.

A view from the city (Source: pexels)

Archaeological Findings and Urban Structure

Rock Tombs

Perre possesses the largest necropolis area in the region. The tomb chambers carved into the rock are particularly striking. This area also contains cisterns, wine presses and Byzantine-era wall structures.

Water Channels and City Plan

Excavations in the ancient city have revealed a stone-paved street, multi-room buildings and water cisterns, demonstrating that Perre was a well-planned urban centre. One of the most notable features is its advanced water system, supported by stone channels that supplied the city’s water needs. This infrastructure indicates long-term continuous habitation in the city.

Mosaics and Inscriptions

During excavations conducted in Perre in 2022, a mosaic floor covering 12 square metres was uncovered. These mosaics reflect the richness of both public and private buildings in Perre.

An example photograph of mosaics from the Culture Portal (Source: Türkiye Culture Portal)

Religious and Cultural Significance

During the Kingdom of Commagene, Perre gained prominence as a sacred city and served as one of the key stopping points for religious rituals in the region. It is believed to have been an important resting place during religious processions to Mount Nemrut. In addition, archaeological findings suggest that certain structures in the city functioned as temples or altars. In this regard, Perre was not merely a settlement but also a central hub for religious practices.

Perre Today

Today, Perre Ancient City has become a focal point for both the scientific community and cultural tourism, thanks to excavation and conservation efforts coordinated by the Archaeology Department of Adıyaman University. Excavations carried out in 2022 uncovered a 1800-year-old stone quarry dating to the Roman period. Additionally, 1500-year-old human skeletons and structures destroyed by earthquakes have also been discovered.