UN Security Council Resolution 2803 (2025)

United Nations Security Council Resolution 2803 (2025) is a United Nations resolution adopted on 18 November 2025, establishing a Board of Peace and an International Stabilization Force (ISF) in the Gaza Strip. The resolution was drafted by the United States and presented by President Donald Trump’s 20-point Gaza peace plan. Adopted by a vote of 13 in favor, with abstentions from Russia and China, the resolution regulates the continuation of the ceasefire in Gaza, the initiation of reconstruction efforts, and the international oversight of the process leading to the Palestinian people’s right to self-determination.

Core Content of the Resolution

Establishment of the Board of Peace (BoP)

Resolution 2803 provides for the establishment of a temporary governing structure in the Gaza Strip, the Board of Peace (BoP). The Board’s mandate is to oversee reconstruction, governance, and security processes in Gaza and to coordinate with the International Stabilization Force (ISF).

United States Permanent Representative Mike Waltz stated that the resolution is grounded in “President Donald Trump’s 20-point comprehensive plan to end the Gaza conflict.” Waltz further declared, “The Board of Peace is the cornerstone of our efforts under the leadership of President Trump.”

The Board’s authority, as stipulated in the resolution text, is valid until 31 December 2027. The text explicitly states: “The powers granted under this resolution shall remain in effect until 31 December 2027.” The Board will focus on the reconstruction of Gaza, the implementation of the Palestinian Authority’s reform program, and the establishment of security in the region.

The Board’s activities will be conducted in cooperation with Egypt, Israel, and other guarantor countries. The resolution’s annex explicitly identifies Trump’s 20-point Gaza plan as “an integral part of this resolution.” Following the adoption of the resolution, Trump stated: “I congratulate the world on the incredible vote by the UN Security Council just minutes ago, approving and supporting the peace board I will lead, composed of the most powerful and respected leaders on Earth.”

The names of the Board’s members have not yet been disclosed and will be announced by the United States in the coming weeks. As stated in the resolution text: “The members of the Board of Peace will be announced in the coming weeks.”

Authorization of the International Stabilization Force (ISF)

The second key element of Resolution 2803 is the establishment of an International Stabilization Force (ISF) to implement security, demilitarization, and reconstruction efforts in the Gaza Strip. The ISF’s mandate, as defined in the resolution text, is to “establish a secure environment, support the disarmament of Gaza, dismantle terrorist infrastructure, destroy weapons, and ensure the safety of Palestinian civilians.”

The text further specifies that the ISF will work alongside a “new and reliable Palestinian police force.” It will operate in close consultation with Egypt and Israel. The resolution lists the ISF’s areas of responsibility as including border security, monitoring the ceasefire, civilian protection, support for humanitarian operations, and coordination of humanitarian corridors. The disarmament process will be governed by the provision: “The ISF will withdraw from Gaza in accordance with disarmament standards and timelines established by the ISF, the United States, Israel, and guarantor countries.”

The resolution also requires the ISF to cooperate with United Nations agencies, the International Committee of the Red Cross, and the Red Crescent in humanitarian efforts. The text states: “Humanitarian assistance will be delivered through the UN, the International Committee of the Red Cross, and the Red Crescent.”

Regarding financing, the resolution states that “the World Bank and other financial institutions must play a role in the region’s reconstruction and development.” The ISF’s mandate, like that of the Board of Peace, is valid until 31 December 2027.

Prior Consultations Before the Vote

Before the vote on United Nations Security Council Resolution 2803, United States Permanent Representative Mike Waltz presented the resolution’s content to Council members.

In his speech, Waltz stated: “Today, we have the power to extinguish the flames and illuminate the path to peace.” He described the resolution as “a bold and pragmatic roadmap born from President Donald Trump’s 20-point comprehensive plan to end the Gaza conflict, shaped through diplomacy with Qatar, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Türkiye, Pakistan, and Indonesia.”

Regarding concerns over authority, Waltz said: “We hear concerns about powers, but the real enemy here is indecision.” After the vote, he added: “The adoption of this resolution represents another significant step toward a stable Gaza.”

Germany, France, Türkiye, and Qatar, among others, publicly supported the resolution before and after the vote. The final vote resulted in 13 countries voting in favor, with two countries (Russia and China) abstaining.

Following the adoption of the resolution, United States President Donald Trump posted on social media: “This resolution will go down in history as one of the greatest endorsements by the United Nations, paving the way for greater peace around the world and marking a truly historic moment.”

International Reactions

United Nations

United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, in his statement following the adoption of Resolution 2803, said: “The Security Council’s adoption of this resolution on Gaza is a significant step toward reinforcing the ceasefire.” He further emphasized: “It is now essential to translate diplomatic momentum into concrete and urgently needed actions on the ground.”

The Secretary-General clarified the UN’s role under the resolution: “The United Nations is determined to implement its assigned responsibilities under this resolution and to increase humanitarian assistance to meet the needs of civilians in Gaza.”

Guterres also thanked “the ongoing diplomatic efforts of Egypt, Qatar, Türkiye, the United States, and regional countries,” and stressed the importance of “advancing to the second phase of the U.S. plan, which must open a political process toward a two-state solution.”

Palestine and Hamas

The Palestinian Ministry of Foreign Affairs welcomed the Security Council resolution, describing it as “the establishment of a lasting and comprehensive ceasefire in the Gaza Strip, the unhindered delivery of humanitarian aid, and the recognition of the Palestinian people’s right to self-determination and the establishment of an independent state.” The ministry also stated its readiness to cooperate with all relevant parties, including the United States, UN Security Council members, and Arab and Islamic countries.

Hamas, however, rejected the resolution, stating: “This resolution imposes an international mandate over the Gaza Strip, which our people and factions reject.”

Hamas further argued: “Assigning roles and responsibilities to the international force, including the disarmament of resistance within the Gaza Strip, undermines its neutrality and transforms it into a party to the conflict in favor of the occupation.”

Hamas also insisted that any international force must be “deployed only along the borders, limited to monitoring the ceasefire, and fully under UN control.”

Arab Countries

Algeria, regarding the Security Council resolution, called on the international community to “demonstrate sincere and determined collective will to implement the resolution.”

Algerian Permanent Representative Amar Bendjama said: “We acknowledge President Trump’s efforts to advance peace globally, but we emphasize that genuine peace in the Middle East cannot be achieved without justice for the Palestinian people, who have waited for decades for the establishment of their independent state.” Bendjama also affirmed that “the annex is an integral part of the resolution,” underscoring its complementary nature.

European Countries

The French Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated: “France welcomes the adoption of United Nations Security Council Resolution 2803 on the Gaza peace plan yesterday.”

The statement emphasized that “the implementation of this resolution must occur within a clear political and legal framework,” and cited “relevant Security Council resolutions and the New York Declaration on the implementation of the two-state solution” as foundational parameters.

German Foreign Minister Johann Wadephul described the resolution as a “good news,” adding: “This resolution will enable the implementation of President Donald Trump’s 20-point plan and legitimize peacekeeping forces in the Gaza Strip.”

Besides France and Germany, the United Kingdom also supported the resolution and called for “urgent action to open all crossings, lift restrictions, and accelerate the flow of aid to Gaza.”

Asian Countries

The Indonesian Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced its welcome of the Security Council resolution, stating: “Indonesia welcomes the UN Security Council resolution authorizing a Board of Peace and an International Stabilization Force in Gaza.” The statement highlighted that the resolution “prioritizes conflict resolution and sustainable peace,” and emphasized “the importance of the Palestinian Authority’s participation in resolving the conflict and advancing the peace process.”

Indonesia further stated that peacekeeping forces must operate under “a clear UN mandate grounded in international law and established parameters to realize the two-state solution.” Indonesia also reiterated its earlier announcement that “20,000 personnel are prepared for deployment to Gaza.”

The Malaysian Ministry of Foreign Affairs described the resolution as “an important step in the right direction toward ending the conflict in Gaza.” The statement affirmed: “Sustainable peace in Palestine and the region can only be achieved through an inclusive and comprehensive solution.”

Malaysia also urged the Security Council to “ensure the swift and complete implementation of the resolution to realize the Palestinian people’s rights to statehood, sovereignty, and territorial integrity.” The Singapore Ministry of Foreign Affairs defined the resolution as “a significant step toward lasting peace in Gaza.”

The statement added: “It is vital that the current ceasefire is sustained by all parties and that rapid and unhindered humanitarian aid reaches Gaza.” Singapore also declared: “We support the Palestinian people’s right to self-determination and their right to their own state as part of a negotiated two-state solution.”

Criticism of the Resolution

Russian Federation Permanent Representative Vassily Nebenzia, in his statement on Resolution 2803, stated that “fundamental legal considerations have been disregarded.” Nebenzia added: “There is no timeline for the transfer of control over Gaza to the Palestinian Authority, nor clarity on the exact structure of the Board of Peace and the International Stabilization Force; the resolution text suggests the ISF may operate entirely autonomously, without regard to Ramallah’s position or views.”

In the continuation of his remarks, Nebenzia asserted that the resolution “evokes colonial practices from periods when Palestinian views were ignored, recalling the League of Nations and the British Mandate for Palestine.”

Permanent Representative of the People’s Republic of China Fu Cong, in his assessment of the resolution, stated: “The draft resolution summarizes post-conflict governance arrangements for Gaza, yet Palestine is nearly invisible in this draft, and Palestinian sovereignty and ownership are not fully reflected.”