Türkiye's Population Data (2025)

Population Data of Türkiye (2025) are statistical figures that reveal the size demographic structure and spatial distribution of the total population residing within the borders of Türkiye. The data are based on the Address-Based Population Registration System (ADNKS) 2025 Results published by the Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK) on 9 February 2026 and cover the population residing in Türkiye as of 31 December 2025.

Total Population Size and Gender Distribution

As of 31 December 2025 the total population residing in Türkiye increased by 427,224 persons compared to the previous year reaching 86,092,168 persons. Of this population 43,059,434 are male and 43,032,734 are female. The proportion of males in the total population is recorded at 50.02% and that of females at 49.98%.

The annual population growth rate rose from 3.4 per thousand in 2024 to 5 per thousand in 2025. This rate is included in the population and annual growth rate data for the period 2007–2025.

Foreign Population

According to the Address-Based Population Registration System results the foreign population residing in Türkiye increased by 38,968 persons compared to the previous year reaching 1,519,515 persons. Males constitute 49.3% of the foreign population while females account for 50.7%.

Population Distribution by Settlement Type

The proportion of the population living in provincial and district centers increased from 93.4% in 2024 to 93.6% in 2025. During the same period the proportion of the population living in towns and villages decreased from 6.6% to 6.4%.

With the introduction of the Spatial Address Registration System (MAKS) a new classification based on “dense urban medium-density urban and rural” categories has been established to more accurately reflect the actual urban-rural structure. According to this classification 67.5% of Türkiye’s population lives in dense urban areas 15.8% in medium-density urban areas and 16.8% in rural areas.

Population by Province and District

Across Türkiye 40 provinces experienced population decline in 2024 while 33 provinces recorded population decline in 2025.

The province with the largest population is Istanbul. Istanbul’s population increased by 52,451 persons compared to the previous year reaching 15,075,453 persons. 18.3% of Türkiye’s total population resides in Istanbul. Istanbul is followed by Ankara (5,910,320) Izmir (4,504,185) Bursa (3,263,011) and Antalya (2,777,677).

The province with the smallest population is Bayburt with a population of 82,836 persons. Bayburt is followed by Tunceli (85,083) Ardahan (90,392) Gümüşhane (138,807) and Kilis (157,363).

When examining population distribution by district Esenyurt district of Istanbul ranked first with a population of 1,003,905 persons. Thus for the first time in Türkiye a district’s population exceeded one million. Esenyurt is followed by Şahinbey district of Gaziantep Çankaya district of Ankara Keçiören district of Ankara and Şehitkamil district of Gaziantep.

Median Age

The median age of Türkiye’s population rose from 34.4 in 2024 to 34.9 in 2025. By gender the median age increased from 33.7 to 34.2 for males and from 35.2 to 35.7 for females.

When examining median age by province Sinop recorded the highest median age at 44. Sinop is followed by Giresun at 43.5 and Kastamonu at 43.3. In contrast Şanlıurfa with a median age of 21.8 recorded the lowest median age. Şanlıurfa is followed by Şırnak at 23.3 and Siirt at 25.

When examining median age by province and gender the highest median age for males was recorded in Sinop at 43 and the lowest in Şanlıurfa at 21.3. For females the highest median age was again in Sinop at 44.9 and the lowest in Şanlıurfa at 22.3.

Population Pyramid and Age Structure

Population pyramids illustrate changes in the age and gender structure of the population. When comparing Türkiye’s population pyramids for 2007 and 2025 it is evident that the elderly population has increased and the median age has risen due to declining fertility and mortality rates.

Marital Status Distribution by Gender

When examining marital status data for 2009 and 2025 by gender it is observed that the proportion of individuals who have never married is higher among males than females. Conversely the proportions of widowed and divorced populations are higher among females than males. The proportion of married population remained at similar levels for both genders in both 2009 and 2025.

Working-Age Population

The proportion of the population aged 15–64 defined as the working-age population increased from 66.5% in 2007 to 68.5% in 2025. During the same period the proportion of the child population aged 0–14 declined from 26.4% to 20.4%. Meanwhile the proportion of the population aged 65 and over rose from 7.1% to 11.1%.

Dependency Ratios

The total dependency ratio which indicates the number of children and elderly persons per working-age individual decreased from 46.1 in 2024 to 46 in 2025. The child dependency ratio declined from 30.6 to 29.7 while the elderly dependency ratio increased from 15.5 to 16.2. Thus in 2025 each 100 working-age individuals in Türkiye supported 29.7 children and 16.2 elderly persons.

Population Density

Population density is defined as the number of persons per square kilometer. According to 2025 data the population density of Türkiye is 112 persons per square kilometer. Istanbul has the highest population density with 2,943 persons per square kilometer. Istanbul is followed by Kocaeli (633) and Yalova (395).

The province with the lowest population density is Tunceli with 11 persons per square kilometer. Tunceli is followed by Ardahan (19) and Erzincan and Gümüşhane (21). In Konya the largest province by area the population density is 59.