Temporary Ceasefire and Islamabad Negotiations During the Iran-US-Israel War (2026)

During the Iran-USA-Israel conflict, the temporary ceasefire and Islamabad negotiations encompass the two-week temporary ceasefire agreed upon between the USA and Iran on 7–8 April 2026, following the USA-Israel joint military operation that began on 28 February 2026, under Pakistan’s mediation.

The ceasefire was conditioned on Iran’s partial lifting of the blockade on the Iran-controlled Strait of Hormuz, and the 10-point plan proposed by Iran was accepted by the parties as a basis for negotiations aimed at establishing a framework for permanent peace talks.

Background and Outbreak of War

The USA and Israel launched a joint military operation against Iran on 28 February 2026. US President Donald Trump and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu argued that the operation was necessary to remove Iran as a regional threat and prevent its acquisition of nuclear weapons. International law experts, however, characterized the operation as a “provocative attack violating international law.”

Immediately after the operation, Iran began imposing a partial blockade on the Strait of Hormuz, which connects the Persian Gulf to the Gulf of Oman and through which approximately 20 percent of global oil and natural gas trade passes. This triggered severe disruptions in global energy markets, causing oil prices to surge worldwide and fuel shortages to emerge in many countries, beginning with the USA. Widespread public discontent in the USA, including among Trump’s base, intensified political pressure.

The conflict quickly spread across the region. Iran’s Lebanon-based ally Hezbollah launched attacks against Israel in support of Iran, citing the killing of Iran’s religious leader Ayatollah Ali Hamas on the first day of the war and Israel’s daily violations of the ceasefire signed in November 2024. The conflict assumed a regional dimension as Iraq-based Islamic Resistance and Houthi forces in Yemen also launched attacks against Israel. Meanwhile, Iran’s retaliatory strikes extended to Gulf states, with attacks targeting Qatar, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.

Human Casualties

By the date the temporary ceasefire was declared, approximately 2,076 people had been killed in Iran. In nearby Gulf states, 28 people died. The USA lost 13 military personnel, while 26 people were killed in Israel. In Lebanon, over 1,500 people were killed and more than one million displaced due to Israeli attacks.

Pakistan’s Mediation Role

Pakistan has assumed the primary mediator role in negotiations between the USA and Iran since the initial phase of the war. Egypt, Türkiye and Saudi Arabia also contributed to diplomatic efforts. China, as Iran’s largest trading partner, is reported to have pressured Tehran to return to the negotiating table.

Since March 2023, Trump has repeatedly threatened to strike Iran’s energy infrastructure but has postponed these threats with last-minute decisions. On 23 March he granted a five-day extension, and on 26 March he announced a further extension until the beginning of April. Both extensions were justified by claims of progress in negotiations.

On 7 April 2026, just five hours before Trump’s final ultimatum deadline, Pakistan’s Prime Minister Shahbaz Sharif issued a call. Sharif requested that Trump extend the deadline by two weeks and that Iran open the Strait of Hormuz as a goodwill gesture during that period. White House Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt confirmed that the president had been informed and that a response would be provided.

Announcement of the Ceasefire

Trump’s Statement

Approximately one and a half hours before his set deadline, on Tuesday 7 April 2026 at 18:32 Eastern US time (22:32 GMT), Trump shared his official statement via his Truth Social account. In it, he announced that the attack plan scheduled to take effect that evening at 20:00 (00:00 GMT) had been suspended.

In his statement, Trump referenced consultations with Pakistan’s Prime Minister Sharif and Chief of Army Staff Asim Munir, stating that the attack plan had been “suspended for two weeks” on the condition that Iran “fully, immediately and safely open the Strait of Hormuz.”

“We received a 10-point proposal from Iran and determined it provides a viable basis for negotiations,” he stated. The statement further emphasized that the USA had met and even exceeded all previously defined military objectives, and that near-complete agreement had been reached on nearly all points of contention with Iran. Trump underscored that the two-week period would be used to finalize a comprehensive agreement and described facilitating lasting peace in the Middle East as a great honor for himself.

US President Trump stated that the USA would assist in managing the congestion in the Strait of Hormuz. Trump described the day as “a great day for world peace,” affirming that steps would be taken to ease traffic in the Strait and that many positive developments would follow.

Iran’s Response

Iran’s Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi, on behalf of Iran’s Supreme National Security Council, shared the official statement on the ceasefire via the X platform. Araghchi used the phrase “our powerful armed forces will cease defensive operations if attacks against Iran are halted.” He emphasized that during the two-week period, safe passage through the Strait of Hormuz would be facilitated under technical constraints and in coordination with Iran’s armed forces, and that this decision was made in line with Trump’s acceptance of Iran’s 10-point proposal as a general framework.

Iran’s Supreme National Security Council issued a more comprehensive statement. It noted that despite “complete mistrust of the American side,” Iran had decided to participate in negotiations, specifying that Iran had set a two-week timeframe for talks, which could be extended by mutual agreement. The statement also emphasized that Iran remained “ready to respond forcefully to even the smallest provocation.”

Pakistan’s Prime Minister Sharif also announced that both parties had agreed to an immediate ceasefire across all fronts, including Lebanon, and confirmed that the decision “took effect immediately.” Sharif invited both delegations to Islamabad for negotiations beginning “on Friday, 10 April 2026.”

Iranian President Pezeshkian’s Assessment of the Temporary Ceasefire

Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian made statements regarding the temporary ceasefire agreement reached between Iran and the USA, which also involved Israel. Pezeshkian stated that the ceasefire was shaped within a framework that recognized Iran’s core principles.

Pezeshkian characterized the agreement as the “fruit of the blood” of Iran’s former leader Ali Khamenei, who was killed in the USA and Israel’s attacks, and as a triumph of Iran’s presence on the ground. The statement emphasized that the ceasefire was not only a military outcome but also a result of political and social solidarity.

Iranian President Pezeshkian affirmed that Iran would continue to act simultaneously across diplomatic, defense and public service fronts, maintaining unity between internal and external fronts.

Iran’s 10-Point Plan

Iran submitted a 10-point peace plan to the White House via Pakistan, intended to serve as the framework for negotiations. Trump described the plan as a “viable basis” for talks. The points listed by Iranian state media are as follows:

1. Iran’s commitment not to acquire nuclear weapons.

2. Implementation of provisions to fully end all attacks against Iran and its allied groups.

3. Withdrawal of US military forces from bases and deployment sites in the region and prohibition of any further attacks on Iran from these locations.

4. For a two-week period, limited daily vessel passage through the Strait of Hormuz under a “Safe Passage Protocol” and in accordance with rules set by Iran.

5. Complete lifting of all primary and secondary sanctions against Iran.

6. Establishment of an investment and funding fund to compensate for damages caused by the war.

7. Recognition by the USA of Iran’s right to enrich nuclear material and opening negotiations on the level of enrichment.

8. Recognition of Iran’s authority to negotiate bilateral and multilateral peace agreements with countries in the region.

9. Expansion of a non-aggression policy to end all operations against resistance groups in the region.

10. Formal endorsement of all commitments by a binding UN Security Council resolution.

In Iran’s Persian-language version, the phrase “acceptance of enrichment” was explicitly included, but this wording was absent from the English version communicated by Iranian diplomats to journalists. Experts and analysts assessed that these demands represented Iran’s initial negotiating position and that full acceptance by the USA was unlikely.

Regulations Concerning the Strait of Hormuz

According to Iran’s plan, vessels entitled to transit the Strait of Hormuz would be subject to fees of up to $2 million per vessel levied by Iran and Oman, with revenues designated for reconstruction costs. The plan also anticipates Iran establishing sovereignty and control over the Strait. Prior to the conflict, Iran did not possess such authority.

Democratic Senator Chris Murphy expressed grave concern over this arrangement, stating that if the agreement established Iranian sovereignty over the Strait, it would constitute a “disaster for the world.”

Israel’s Position and the Lebanon Issue

Following the ceasefire announcement, Netanyahu’s office stated that Israel supported Trump’s decision and endorsed the USA’s initiative to remove Iran’s “nuclear, missile and terror threat.” The White House confirmed Israel’s participation in the agreement.

However, Netanyahu stated that the two-week ceasefire did not cover Lebanon. This directly contradicts the earlier statement by Pakistan’s Prime Minister Sharif, who declared that the ceasefire applied to all fronts, including Lebanon. Israel’s ground operations in Lebanon continued after the ceasefire announcement.

President Erdoğan’s Statement on the USA-Iran Ceasefire

President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan expressed satisfaction with the temporary ceasefire reached between the USA and Iran, which also involved Israel. Erdoğan stated that the ceasefire, announced after the conflict that had affected the region since 28 February, was a positive development.

Erdoğan emphasized the importance of the full implementation of the ceasefire on the ground and stressed that no opportunities should be given to potential provocations or sabotage attempts. He thanked all actors contributing to the ceasefire process, particularly Pakistan.

President Erdoğan noted that the region had long suffered from war, conflict and instability and expressed the hope that the Middle East would achieve peace, tranquility and stability as soon as possible. He affirmed that Türkiye would continue its efforts to promote peace at both regional and global levels.

International Reactions

The ceasefire announcement received widespread positive responses globally:

United Nations: UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres welcomed the ceasefire news and called on all parties to comply with ceasefire terms to pave the way for lasting and comprehensive peace in the region. Guterres emphasized the urgent necessity of halting hostilities to protect civilians and alleviate humanitarian suffering, and praised Pakistan and other mediating countries.

Iraq: Iraq’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs welcomed the ceasefire and stressed that both the USA and Iran must fulfill their commitments to reach a lasting solution.

Lebanon: Lebanese President Joseph Aoun stated that Lebanon welcomed the temporary ceasefire between the USA and Iran, which also included Israel.

China: China welcomed the two-week ceasefire mediated by Pakistan between the USA and Iran but did not confirm any direct involvement in the process.

Russia: Kremlin Spokesperson Dmitry Peskov welcomed the temporary ceasefire between the USA and Iran, stating, “This is a very important step. We hope direct talks between Iranian and American delegations will take place in the coming days.”

Egypt: Egypt’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs assessed the ceasefire as a positive opportunity and emphasized the need to halt military operations and fully respect freedom of navigation in international waters. The ministry also announced its continued cooperation with Pakistan and Türkiye to establish security and stability in the region.

Japan: Japanese Government Spokesperson Minoru Kihara assessed the two-week ceasefire as a positive development and stated that reducing tensions in the Middle East remains Japan’s top priority.

Malaysia: Malaysia’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs characterized the ceasefire as an important step and called on all parties to comply in good faith with the agreement’s terms and to avoid actions that undermine regional stability or threaten global energy security.

Australia: Prime Minister Anthony Albanese and Foreign Minister Penny Wong stated in a joint declaration that Iran’s effective closure of the Strait of Hormuz and attacks on commercial vessels, civilian infrastructure and energy facilities had caused an unprecedented energy supply shock. The statement underscored that the longer the war continues, the greater the damage to the global economy and the heavier the human cost. Australia thanked Pakistan, Egypt, Türkiye and Saudi Arabia for their contributions to the mediation process.

New Zealand: Foreign Minister Winston Peters welcomed the ceasefire but noted that many critical steps must be taken in the coming days to achieve a lasting ceasefire.

Azerbaijan: In a written statement, Azerbaijan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs welcomed the two-week ceasefire and commended the efforts of all mediators.

Spain: Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez expressed satisfaction with the two-week ceasefire between the USA and Iran but emphasized that diplomacy, international law and peace are now urgently needed.

Germany: Germany welcomed the two-week ceasefire between the USA and Iran. In a written statement, German Chancellor Friedrich Merz said the German government welcomed the ceasefire reached in the early hours and expressed gratitude to Pakistan for its mediation role in achieving this important agreement.

Islamabad Negotiations and Next Steps

Iran’s Supreme National Security Council announced that negotiations with the USA would begin on Friday, 10 April 2026, in Islamabad, Pakistan’s capital. Iran has firmly maintained its position that negotiations will be based on its 10-point proposal. White House Press Secretary Leavitt confirmed that face-to-face talks are under consideration but reminded that only the president or the White House could officially announce confirmed details.

Iran’s Supreme National Security Council stated in its announcement that the negotiations are targeted to be completed within 15 days, with the possibility of extension by mutual agreement. The Council also emphasized that Iran had achieved its war objectives and that battlefield victories must be formally recognized at the negotiating table.

During the Iran-USA-Israel conflict, the temporary ceasefire and Islamabad negotiations encompass the two-week temporary ceasefire agreed upon between the USA and Iran on 7–8 April 2026, following the USA-Israel joint military operation that began on 28 February 2026, mediated by Pakistan.

Ceasefire was conditioned on Iran’s removal of the partial blockade from the Strait of Hormuz, and the 10-point plan submitted by Iran was accepted by the parties as the basis for negotiations toward a permanent peace agreement.

Background and Outbreak of War

USA and Israel launched a joint military operation against Iran on 28 February 2026. US President Donald Trump and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu argued that the operation was necessary to remove Iran as a regional threat and prevent it from acquiring nuclear weapons. International law experts, however, characterized the operation as a provocative attack violating international law.

Immediately following the operation, Iran began imposing a partial blockade on the Strait of Hormuz, which connects the Persian Gulf to the Gulf of Oman and through which approximately 20 percent of global oil and natural gas trade passes. This triggered severe disruptions in global energy markets, causing oil prices to surge worldwide and leading to fuel shortages in many countries, particularly the USA. Widespread public discontent in the USA, including among Trump’s base, intensified political pressure.

The conflict quickly spread across the region. Iran’s Lebanon-based ally Hezbollah launched attacks against Israel in support of Iran, citing the killing of Iran’s religious leader Ayatollah Ali Hamey on the first day of the war and Israel’s daily violations of the ceasefire signed in November 2024. Attacks by Iraq-based Islamic Resistance and Houthi forces in Yemen against Israel further regionalized the conflict. Meanwhile, Iran’s retaliatory strikes also reached Gulf states, with attacks targeting Qatar, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.

Human Losses

By the time the temporary ceasefire was declared, approximately 2,076 people had been killed in Iran. In nearby Gulf states, 28 people died. The USA lost 13 military personnel, while 26 people were killed in Israel. In Lebanon, over 1,500 people were killed and more than 1 million were displaced due to Israeli attacks.

Pakistan’s Mediation Role

Pakistan assumed the primary role of mediator in negotiations between the USA and Iran from the earliest stages of the war. Egypt, Türkiye, and Saudi Arabia also contributed to diplomatic efforts. China, as Iran’s largest trading partner, was reported to have pressured Tehran to return to the negotiating table.

Since March 2023, Trump had repeatedly threatened to strike Iran’s energy infrastructure but postponed these threats at the last minute. On 23 March, he granted a five-day extension; on 26 March, he announced a further extension until the beginning of April. Both extensions were justified by claims of progress in negotiations.

On 7 April 2026, just five hours before Trump’s final ultimatum deadline, Pakistan’s Prime Minister Shahbaz Sharif issued a call. Sharif requested that Trump extend the deadline by two weeks and that Iran open the Strait of Hormuz as a gesture of good faith during that period. White House Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt confirmed that the president had been informed and would respond.

Announcement of the Ceasefire

Trump’s Statement

Approximately one and a half hours before his set deadline, on Tuesday, 7 April 2026 at 18:32 Eastern US time (22:32 GMT), Trump posted his official statement on Truth Social. He announced that the planned attack scheduled to take effect at 20:00 that evening (00:00 GMT) had been suspended.

In his statement, Trump referenced consultations with Pakistani Prime Minister Sharif and Pakistani Chief of Army Staff Asim Munir, stating that the attack had been “suspended for two weeks” on the condition that Iran “fully, immediately, and safely open the Strait of Hormuz”.

“We received a 10-point proposal from Iran and determined it provides a viable basis for negotiations,” he said. He emphasized that the USA had not only met but exceeded all previously defined military objectives and reached agreement on nearly all points of contention with Iran. Trump stressed that the two-week period would be used to finalize a comprehensive agreement and described facilitating lasting peace in the Middle East as a great honor for himself.

US President Trump stated that the USA would assist in regulating traffic through the Strait of Hormuz. Trump declared it a “great day for world peace,” affirmed that traffic through the Strait of Hormuz would be normalized, and indicated that many positive steps would follow.

Iran’s Response

Iran’s Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi, on behalf of the Iranian National Security Council, shared the official statement on the ceasefire via the X platform. Araghchi stated, “If attacks against Iran cease, our powerful armed forces will end their defensive operations.” He emphasized that during the two-week period, safe passage through the Strait of Hormuz would be facilitated under technical constraints and in coordination with the Iranian Armed Forces, and that this decision was made in line with Trump’s acceptance of Iran’s 10-point proposal as a general framework.

The Iranian National Security Council issued a more comprehensive statement. It noted that despite “complete mistrust of the American side,” Iran had decided to participate in negotiations, setting a two-week timeframe for talks that could be extended by mutual agreement. The statement also emphasized that Iran was “prepared to respond forcefully to even the smallest provocation by the enemy.”

Pakistan’s Prime Minister Sharif also announced that both parties had agreed to an immediate ceasefire across all fronts, including Lebanon, and confirmed that the decision had “taken immediate effect.” Sharif invited both delegations to Islamabad on Friday, 10 April 2026 to begin negotiations.

Iranian President Pezeshkian’s Assessment of the Temporary Ceasefire

Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian assessed the temporary ceasefire agreement reached between Iran and the USA, which also involved Israel. He stated that the ceasefire was shaped within a framework recognizing Iran’s fundamental principles.

Pezeshkian characterized the agreement as the “fruit of the blood” of Iran’s former leader, Ali Hamey, who was killed in the USA-Israel attacks, and as a triumph of the Iranian people’s presence on the battlefield. He emphasized that the ceasefire was not only a military outcome but also a result of political and social solidarity.

Iranian President Pezeshkian stated that Iran would continue coordinated action across its diplomatic, defense, and public service sectors, maintaining unity on both internal and external fronts.

Iran’s 10-Point Plan

Iran submitted a 10-point peace plan to the White House via Pakistan, intended to serve as the framework for negotiations. Trump described the plan as “a viable basis for negotiations.” The points published by Iranian state media are as follows:

1. Iran’s commitment not to acquire nuclear weapons.

2. Implementation of provisions to fully end all attacks against Iran and its allied groups.

3. Withdrawal of US military forces from bases and deployment locations in the region, and prohibition of any further attacks on Iran from these bases.

4. Limited daily vessel passage through the Strait of Hormuz for two weeks under a “Safe Passage Protocol” and in accordance with rules set by Iran.

5. Complete lifting of all primary and secondary sanctions against Iran.

6. Establishment of an investment and funding fund to compensate for damages caused by the war.

7. Recognition by the USA of Iran’s right to enrich nuclear material and opening negotiations on enrichment levels.

8. Recognition of Iran’s authority to negotiate bilateral and multilateral peace agreements with regional countries.

9. Expansion of a non-aggression policy to end all operations against resistance groups in the region.

10. Formal ratification of all commitments by a binding UN Security Council resolution.

In the Persian-language version published by Iran, the phrase “acceptance of enrichment” was explicitly included, but this wording was absent from the English version communicated by Iranian diplomats to journalists. Experts and analysts assessed that these demands represented Iran’s initial negotiating position and that full acceptance by the USA was unlikely.

Regulations Regarding the Strait of Hormuz

According to Iran’s plan, vessels entitled to passage through the Strait of Hormuz would be charged up to $2 million per vessel by Iran and Oman, with revenues designated for reconstruction costs. The plan also envisages Iran establishing sovereignty and control over the strait, a level of authority Iran did not possess prior to the conflict.

Democratic Senator Chris Murphy expressed concern that this arrangement would be extremely dangerous, arguing that if the agreement established Iranian sovereignty over the strait, it would constitute a “catastrophe for the world.”

Israel’s Position and the Lebanon Issue

Following the ceasefire announcement, Netanyahu’s office stated that Israel supported Trump’s decision and endorsed the USA’s initiative to remove Iran’s “nuclear, missile, and terror threat.” The White House confirmed Israel’s participation in the agreement.

However, Netanyahu stated that the two-week ceasefire did not cover Lebanon. This directly contradicted the earlier statement by Pakistan’s Prime Minister Sharif, who had declared the ceasefire effective across all fronts, including Lebanon. Israel’s ground operations in Lebanon continued after the ceasefire announcement.

Debate Over Israel’s Notification Regarding the Ceasefire

According to Israeli media reports, a senior Israeli official claimed that US President Donald Trump informed Israel of the two-week ceasefire decision at the last minute. This claim raised questions about the level of coordination during the ceasefire process.

Speaking to the Israeli state television channel KAN, the official stated that the US-Iran ceasefire decision “caused shock in Israel.” The official said, “At the last moment, we received new information when everything seemed finalized.”

Israeli Military’s Implementation of the Ceasefire

The Israeli military announced that, in accordance with political directives, it had ceased operations against Iran under the USA-Iran temporary ceasefire. It confirmed that prior to the ceasefire, airstrikes had targeted Iran’s missile launch capabilities. However, it emphasized that attacks against Lebanon, including ground operations, continued.

Iranian President Pezeshkian’s Assessment of the Ceasefire

Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian stated that the temporary ceasefire agreement reached with the USA and involving Israel was shaped within a framework recognizing Iran’s fundamental principles. Pezeshkian shared his statement on the 40th day of the war.

Pezeshkian characterized the ceasefire as the “fruit of the blood” of Iran’s former leader, Ali Hamey, killed in the USA-Israel attacks, and as a “triumph of the Iranian people’s presence on the battlefield.”

In his statement, he said: “The ceasefire, which recognizes Iran’s fundamental principles as the basis, is the fruit of the blood of our great martyr leader Hamey and the triumph of the entire people’s presence on the battlefield. Today, as always, we will stand side by side on the diplomatic, defense, street, and service fronts.”

International Reactions

The ceasefire announcement received widespread positive responses globally:

United Nations: UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres welcomed the ceasefire and urged all parties to comply with its terms to pave the way for lasting and comprehensive peace in the region. Guterres emphasized the urgent need to end hostilities to protect civilians and alleviate humanitarian suffering, and praised Pakistan and other mediating countries.

Iraq: Iraq’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs welcomed the ceasefire and stressed the need for both the USA and Iran to fulfill their commitments to achieve a lasting solution.

Lebanon: Lebanese President Joseph Aoun welcomed the temporary ceasefire, mediated by Pakistan and involving Iran and Israel, and highlighted the diplomatic efforts of Türkiye, Pakistan, and Egypt in achieving it.

China: China welcomed the two-week ceasefire mediated by Pakistan between the USA and Iran but did not confirm direct involvement. Chinese Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Mao Ning stated at a regular press briefing in Beijing that Beijing had consistently advocated for a ceasefire and a political resolution to the crisis since its outset.

Russia: Kremlin Spokesperson Dmitry Peskov welcomed the temporary ceasefire between the USA and Iran, calling it “a very important step,” and expressed hope that direct talks between Iranian and American delegations would occur in the coming days.

Egypt: Egypt’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs viewed the ceasefire as a positive opportunity, emphasizing the need to halt military operations and fully respect freedom of navigation in international waters. The ministry also stated it would continue its efforts alongside Pakistan and Türkiye to establish security and stability in the region.

Oman: Oman’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated that the ceasefire between the USA and Iran was welcomed, and noted Oman’s appreciation for Pakistan’s efforts and the calls by all parties to end the war.

It also emphasized the need to intensify efforts to find root solutions to the crisis and permanently end war and aggression in the region.

Japan: Japanese Government Spokesperson Minoru Kihara assessed the two-week ceasefire as a positive development and stated that reducing tensions in the Middle East remained a top priority for Tokyo.

Malaysia: Malaysia’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs labeled the ceasefire an important step and called on all parties to comply in good faith with the agreement’s terms and avoid actions that threaten regional stability or global energy security.

Australia: Prime Minister Anthony Albanese and Foreign Minister Penny Wong jointly stated that Iran’s effective closure of the Strait of Hormuz and attacks on commercial vessels, civilian infrastructure, and energy facilities had caused an unprecedented energy supply shock. They emphasized that the longer the war continued, the greater the damage to the global economy and the heavier the humanitarian cost. Australia thanked Pakistan, Egypt, Türkiye, and Saudi Arabia for their contributions to the mediation process.

New Zealand: Foreign Minister Winston Peters welcomed the ceasefire but noted that many critical steps would be required in the coming days to achieve a lasting ceasefire.

Azerbaijan: Azerbaijan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs welcomed the two-week ceasefire and commended the efforts of all mediators.

Spain: Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez expressed satisfaction with the two-week ceasefire between the USA and Iran but emphasized that diplomacy, international law, and peace were now urgently needed.

Germany: Germany welcomed the two-week ceasefire between the USA and Iran. Chancellor Friedrich Merz stated in a written statement that the German government welcomed the ceasefire reached in the early hours and thanked Pakistan for its mediation role in achieving this important agreement.

South Korea: South Korean Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Park Il welcomed the two-week ceasefire, noting that the step had paved the way for the resumption of navigation through the strategically vital Strait of Hormuz and expressed expectations for safe passage of vessels.

Kazakhstan: Kazakh President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev welcomed the two-week ceasefire mediated by Pakistan between the USA and Iran. Tokayev expressed hope that the ceasefire would be long-lasting and contribute to global trade and economic stability.

Finland: Finnish President Alexander Stubb welcomed the temporary ceasefire between the USA and Iran and affirmed support for its transformation into lasting regional arrangements.

Latvia: Latvian Prime Minister Evika Silina welcomed the two-week ceasefire and emphasized its critical importance for lasting peace.

Norway: Norwegian Foreign Minister Espen Barth Eide assessed the ceasefire as a positive development and supported the opening of diplomatic space.

Sweden: Swedish Foreign Minister Maria Malmer Stenergard welcomed the ceasefire and stated that the process must evolve into a long-term and sustainable solution.

Denmark: Danish Foreign Minister Lars Lokke Rasmussen stated that the ceasefire was an important step that could reduce global economic risks.

Estonia: Estonian Foreign Minister Margus Tsahkna welcomed the ceasefire and emphasized that the process must lead to lasting peace and stability.

Türkiye: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated, “We welcome the decision to declare a temporary ceasefire in the regional conflict. We emphasize the need for full implementation of the temporary ceasefire on the ground and hope all parties will adhere to the agreed understanding.” The statement stressed that dialogue, diplomacy, and mutual trust were the only path to lasting peace and confirmed Türkiye’s continued support for the success of negotiations in Islamabad, Pakistan. It added, “We congratulate our brother Pakistan for its role in this process and wish continued success to all peace initiatives.”

India: India welcomed the temporary ceasefire and expressed hope that this step would lay the groundwork for lasting peace in the region. A statement on India’s Ministry of External Affairs social media account said, “We welcome the ceasefire and hope it leads to lasting peace in West Asia.”

Italy: Italian Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Antonio Tajani characterized the two-week ceasefire between the USA and Iran as a positive development, noting that it marked an important step toward a peace agreement and had already led to a drop in oil prices below $100 per barrel, providing economic relief. Italy affirmed its continued contribution to the negotiation process and emphasized that Iran must not acquire nuclear weapons and that diplomatic solutions must remain the priority.

Vatican: Vatican State Head Pope Leo XIV assessed the temporary ceasefire as a “promising development.” The Pope said, “I welcome with joy and as a living sign of hope the announcement of a two-week ceasefire that takes immediate effect.” He stated that ending the war was possible only through dialogue and diplomacy and emphasized that the process must be supported by prayer and diplomatic efforts.

Malta: Maltese Prime Minister Robert Abela described the temporary ceasefire as a relief and source of hope for the people living in the region. Abela said, “The ceasefire reached in the early hours is a courageous development offering much-needed relief and renewed hope to the people of the region.” He affirmed Malta’s continued support for peace, dialogue, and stability.

Croatia: Croatian Prime Minister Andrej Plenković welcomed the two-week ceasefire between the USA and Iran and noted its positive impact, particularly the decline in energy prices.

Slovenia: The Slovenian government welcomed the temporary ceasefire and emphasized that the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz presented a significant opportunity for regional and global security.

Uzbekistan: Uzbekistan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs welcomed the two-week temporary ceasefire between the USA and Iran, describing the development as a significant step toward reducing regional tensions and restoring diplomatic dialogue. The statement called on all parties to exercise restraint and achieve lasting peace through peaceful means.

African Union: The African Union welcomed the temporary ceasefire between the USA and Iran, describing the development as an important step toward reducing tensions. The statement emphasized that the ceasefire presented a critical opportunity to alleviate humanitarian impacts and strengthen the diplomatic process.

Sudan: The Sudanese government welcomed the two-week ceasefire between the USA and Iran, describing it as a positive development that could contribute to reducing regional tensions and achieving peace and stability.

South Africa: South African President Cyril Ramaphosa welcomed the temporary ceasefire between the USA and Iran, which also involved Israel. Ramaphosa said, “We hope this paves the way for a lasting solution to the conflict.” He emphasized that lasting peace could only be achieved through dialogue and mediation and called on all parties to respect international law, sovereignty, and territorial integrity.

Tajikistan: Tajikistan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs welcomed the two-week temporary ceasefire between the USA and Iran and described the development as an important step toward long-term peace. The statement emphasized that military solutions were not viable and called on all parties to pursue diplomatic solutions within the framework of international law.

Libya: The Libyan Government of National Unity welcomed the temporary ceasefire between the USA and Iran and described the process as an important step toward lasting peace and regional security.

Colombia: Colombian President Gustavo Petro welcomed the temporary ceasefire between the USA and Iran and called on the parties to restart peace talks.

President Erdoğan’s Statement on the USA-Iran Ceasefire

President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan expressed his satisfaction with the temporary ceasefire reached between the USA and Iran, which also involved Israel. Erdoğan stated that the ceasefire, announced after the conflict that had affected the region since 28 February, was a positive development.

Erdoğan emphasized the importance of full implementation of the ceasefire on the ground and warned against providing opportunities for provocations or sabotage attempts. He thanked all actors, particularly Pakistan, for their contributions to the ceasefire process.

President Erdoğan noted that the region had long suffered from war, conflict, and instability and expressed hope that the Middle East would soon achieve peace, tranquility, and stability. Türkiye affirmed its continued efforts to promote peace at both regional and global levels.

France’s Position on the Scope of the Ceasefire

French President Emmanuel Macron stated that the two-week temporary ceasefire between the USA and Iran must be extended to include Lebanon. In remarks during a Defense and Security Council meeting at the Élysée Palace, Macron emphasized the importance of full implementation of the ceasefire on the ground.

Macron stated that the ceasefire must not be limited to reducing military tensions but must lay the groundwork for negotiations addressing Iran’s nuclear program, ballistic capabilities, and regional activities with a view to achieving a lasting solution.

Macron, who viewed the ceasefire as a positive development, stressed that the situation in Lebanon remained critical and said, “We want to ensure the ceasefire includes all of Lebanon.”

Macron also noted that approximately 15 countries were preparing to establish a fully defensive naval mission in coordination with Iran to facilitate maritime traffic through the Strait of Hormuz.

Islamabad Negotiations and the Next Steps

The Iranian National Security Council announced that negotiations with the USA would begin on Friday, 10 April 2026, in Islamabad, Pakistan. Iran maintained its firm position that negotiations would be based on its 10-point proposal. White House Press Secretary Leavitt confirmed that face-to-face talks were being considered but reminded that only the president or the White House could officially announce confirmed details.

The Iranian National Security Council’s statement set a target of completing negotiations within 15 days, with the possibility of extension by mutual agreement. The Council emphasized that Iran had achieved its war objectives and that battlefield victories must be reflected at the negotiating table. According to Iranian media, Mohammad Bagher Qalibaf, Speaker of the Iranian Parliament, will lead the Iranian delegation. The USA delegation is expected to be led by Vice President James David Vance.

On the evening of 8 April, White House Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt announced that negotiations between the USA and Iran would begin on 11 April in Islamabad and that Vice President JD Vance would lead the US delegation. Leavitt also confirmed that Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner would participate and that discussions would address both the ceasefire agreement and core issues.

Iran’s Conditions for Negotiations

Iranian Parliament Deputy Speaker Ali Nikzad stated that Iran’s 10-point proposal would form the basis of negotiations with the USA and that no agreement would be signed if these conditions were not accepted. Nikzad said, “If the 10 conditions are not accepted, Supreme Leader Ayatollah Mucteba Hamey will not permit signing. The Secretariat of the National Security Council has obtained approval from the Supreme Leader for these 10 conditions.”

Nikzad, referring to Iran’s commitment not to produce nuclear weapons, said, “The conditions include the complete cessation of all aggression, withdrawal of US forces from the region, free passage through the Strait of Hormuz, lifting of primary and secondary sanctions, and compensation for Iran’s losses.”

Speaking in Parliament about the post-war period, Nikzad said, “With the Speaker’s agreement, we will implement reforms in the budget and, with God’s grace, make the country better than before.” He also stated that passage through the Strait of Hormuz would not return to pre-war conditions and that a fee per barrel of oil transported through the strait would be implemented.

Advisor to Hamey’s Warning on Ceasefire Violation

Ali Akbar Velayati, advisor to Iran’s Supreme Leader Ayatollah Mucteba Hamey, characterized the USA’s acceptance of Iran’s conditions as a “strategic defeat.” Velayati said, “As it has been since day one, Iran’s Armed Forces remain at the highest level of readiness and will respond with a decisive and deterrent response to any violation of the ceasefire by the Hebrew-Arab-American front.”

First Ship Transits Through the Strait of Hormuz

Following the temporary ceasefire between the USA and Iran, the first ship transits through the Strait of Hormuz occurred. According to MarineTraffic data, the Liberian-flagged cargo vessel “Daytona Beach” departed from Bandar Abbas at 08:28 Turkey time and passed through the strait at 09:59. Additionally, the Greek-owned cargo vessel “NJ Earth” passed through the strait at 11:44. These developments demonstrated that maritime traffic had resumed after the ceasefire.

US President Trump’s Statements After the Ceasefire

On 8 April, US President Donald Trump defended that the temporary ceasefire followed the achievement of all military objectives in Iran, declaring, “We have achieved a complete victory.” Trump stated that Iran’s 10-point plan provided a suitable basis for negotiations and warned that if the ceasefire and negotiation process failed, military operations could be restarted.

Explosion at the Lavan Island Refinery

On the morning of 8 April 2026, multiple explosions occurred at the Iranian-owned Lavan Island oil refinery in the Persian Gulf. Initial reports in Iranian media stated that the explosions occurred immediately after the ceasefire announcement and that their cause had not yet been determined. Iranian media also reported similar unexplained explosions at the Siri Island in the Persian Gulf at the same time.

The Iranian National Petroleum Refining Company later issued an official statement offering a different assessment. The statement said, “On Wednesday around 10:00, the Lavan Oil Refinery facility on Lavan Island was the victim of a treacherous attack by enemies.” It claimed the incident was the result of an “enemy attack.” The statement confirmed a fire broke out after the explosion, emergency teams responded, and all personnel were evacuated in time, resulting in no casualties.

The statement also noted that there had been no disruption to Iran’s fuel supply and distribution network and urged the public to conserve fuel consumption. These statements suggested efforts to minimize the perceived impact on energy supply.

Meanwhile, the Israeli military denied any involvement in the incident, asserting that no attack had been carried out against the Lavan Island refinery and rejecting allegations that the facility had been targeted after the ceasefire took effect.

Pezeshkian’s Warning on Ceasefire Violation and Retaliation

Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian emphasized in a phone call with Pakistani Prime Minister Shahbaz Sharif that the temporary ceasefire reached with the USA must be implemented in accordance with the commitments of all parties. Pezeshkian characterized Iran’s participation in the ceasefire process as a “sign of responsibility.”

Pezeshkian referred to recent developments targeting Iran and stated that the attacks on Siri and Lavan islands constituted a ceasefire violation, adding, “One of the 10 conditions Iran proposed is the ceasefire in Lebanon. Iran will respond to any attack.”

During the call, Pakistani Prime Minister Sharif stressed that attacks against Lebanon must also be halted under the ceasefire and affirmed Pakistan’s readiness to continue its diplomatic efforts for regional peace and stability.

US Vice President Vance’s Statements on the Negotiation Process

On 8 April, US Vice President JD Vance stated that following the temporary ceasefire reached with Iran and involving Israel, the USA was seeking an agreement on the basis of good faith. Vance confirmed that US President Donald Trump had instructed the negotiation team to work toward an agreement in good faith.

Vance emphasized that the ceasefire had a fragile structure and that both sides must manage the process carefully. He said, “If the Iranians are willing to work with us in good faith, I believe we can reach an agreement. But if they lie, deceive, or try to sabotage our fragile ceasefire, they will not be happy.”

Vance addressed the core elements of the ceasefire, noting that Iran had agreed to open the Strait of Hormuz and that the USA and its allies had agreed to halt attacks, stating these were the foundation of the current ceasefire. He acknowledged positive signals from Iran’s side but noted differing interpretations regarding the nature of the agreement.

Vance stated that the outcome of negotiations depended on Iran’s approach, affirming that the USA retained its military, diplomatic, and economic capacity but that the priority remained a negotiated solution.

Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Statement

The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), following the temporary ceasefire reached with the USA and involving Israel, stated that it does not trust the enemy and will respond to any attack with a higher level of force. The statement was issued on the 40th day of the war.

The statement emphasized the need for caution against the enemy’s “deception tactics,” stating, “The enemy has always been on the side of deception, and we do not trust its promises; we will respond to any attack with a higher level of force.”

The IRGC also stated, “America’s regional partners have seen with their own eyes the weakness of the USA and the Zionist regime (Israel). It is time for them to learn the lesson and end their cooperation with enemies of Islam.”

Downing of the Hermes-900 UAV in Iran

Following the temporary ceasefire reached with the USA and involving Israel, Iran announced that it had shot down an Israeli Hermes-900 unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) over the skies of Lar district in Fars province. According to Iranian state television, the UAV was detected and neutralized by Iran’s integrated air defense system.

In a statement by the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, a firm stance against violations of Iran’s airspace was emphasized, stating, “Any American or Zionist enemy aircraft entering Iranian airspace, even if not conducting military operations, will be considered a ceasefire violation and will receive a decisive response.”

US Defense Secretary Hegseth’s Statements on Ceasefire and Nuclear Program

US Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth announced that under the terms of the temporary ceasefire reached with Iran and involving Israel, Iran’s nuclear materials would be removed from the country. Hegseth said, “According to the terms, nuclear materials that Iranians are not permitted to possess will be immediately removed from Iran.”

Hegseth characterized the USA-Israel attacks as a “decisive military victory,” affirmed that the US military would not withdraw from the region, and stated that military operations could be restarted if necessary. He said, “We are not going anywhere. We will ensure Iran complies with this ceasefire, and eventually it will come to the table and make an agreement.”

In his assessment of the ceasefire, Hegseth said, “Today is a great day for world peace.” He claimed Iran had accepted the reality that it could not acquire nuclear weapons. He also argued that if Iran made a wrong move during negotiations, military targets would become more viable.

Regarding the Strait of Hormuz, Hegseth said, “The agreed and clearly stated point is this: The Strait of Hormuz is open to transit. Our military is monitoring the situation; undoubtedly their military is too, but commercial flow will continue. And what you have seen in market reactions is precisely this reality.”

US Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Dan Cane reported that since 28 February, the USA had struck over 13,000 Iranian targets and destroyed approximately 80 percent of Iran’s air defense systems.

Iran’s Warning of Withdrawal from Ceasefire Due to Attacks in Lebanon

According to Iranian media, an unnamed official stated that the temporary ceasefire reached with the USA and involving Israel covers all fronts, including Lebanon, and that Israeli attacks constitute a ceasefire violation.

The official said, “The Zionist regime (Israel) has clearly violated the ceasefire since morning by launching brutal attacks against Lebanon. If Israel continues its attacks against Lebanon, Iran will withdraw from the agreement.” He added that targets for retaliation against Israel had been identified and that limited support could be provided if the USA failed to stop Israel.

On the same evening, the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps announced that if Israel continued its attacks against Lebanon despite the ceasefire, a strong response would be delivered. The statement noted that Israel had launched attacks in Beirut immediately after the ceasefire announcement and described these actions as a “cruel massacre.” The IRGC said, “If attacks against Lebanon are not immediately halted, we will deliver a punishing response to the occupying aggressors in the region.”

Belgium’s Response to Attacks in Lebanon

Belgian Foreign Minister Maxime Prevot criticized Israel’s attacks on Lebanon and stressed that the temporary ceasefire between the USA and Iran must include Lebanon. During a visit to Beirut, Prevot noted that the missile strikes occurred near his location, saying, “We were at the embassy, only a few hundred meters from where the missiles hit.” He also stated that Israel had carried out widespread attacks without prior warning and affirmed Belgium’s support for initiating negotiations regarding the ceasefire in Lebanon.

Resumption of Transit Restrictions in the Strait of Hormuz

According to Iranian media, on the evening of 8 April, following Israel’s attacks on Lebanon, the transit of oil tankers through the Strait of Hormuz was suspended again. The report stated that the strait, which had been expected to reopen after the USA-Iran ceasefire, had been closed once more. It also noted that two oil tankers had safely passed through the strait under Iranian authorization after the ceasefire announcement, but transit had been suspended due to recent developments.

Trump’s Statement on Lebanon’s Exclusion from the Ceasefire

US President Donald Trump stated that the two-week temporary ceasefire agreement reached between the USA and Iran, which also involved Israel, did not include Lebanon. In response to a question about whether Lebanon was included in the agreement, Trump said, “Yes, they were not included.”

When asked why Lebanon was excluded, Trump said, “Because of Hezbollah. They were not included in the agreement. That issue will be resolved. No problem.” In response to a question about whether Israel’s attacks on Hezbollah fell within the ceasefire, Trump replied, “This is part of the agreement; everyone knows this. It is a separate conflict.”

Iranian Foreign Minister Araghchi’s Statement

Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi stated that Israel’s attacks on Lebanon violated the temporary ceasefire, saying, “The ball is in the USA’s court. The world is watching whether the USA will fulfill its commitments.”

Araghchi stated that the USA was forced to choose between the ceasefire and continuing the war through Israel, saying, “The USA must choose between the ceasefire and continuing the war through Israel. It cannot choose both.” Iranian Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Ismail Bekayi also labeled Israel’s attacks on Lebanon as an open violation of the ceasefire and warned that this situation could lead to dangerous consequences.

US Vice President Vance’s Statement on Lebanon Attacks and Ceasefire Scope

On his return from a visit to Budapest, Hungary, US Vice President JD Vance responded to journalists’ questions. When asked whether Israel’s continued attacks on Lebanon violated the temporary ceasefire with Iran, Vance said, “We never made such a commitment. We gave no indication that this would be the case.” Vance added, “When I boarded the plane, I needed a full report. The Israelis offered to pull back slightly in Lebanon to ensure the success of the negotiations. That is not because it is part of the ceasefire.”

Although the USA did not make such a commitment, Vance noted that if Iran wanted to break off negotiations due to Lebanon, that would be Iran’s decision, adding, “We think it is foolish, but it is their choice.” He noted increased traffic in the Strait of Hormuz and a drop in oil prices. Vance defended President Trump’s achievement of a good deal for the American people, saying, “Iranians now must take the next step; otherwise, the President will have many options to return to war.”

Vance noted that Iran’s current stockpile of enriched uranium was one of the main issues in negotiations. He stated that the USA did not want Iran to produce nuclear weapons and said, “As the President clearly stated, we want nuclear fuel. The USA has specific demands. Iranians also have things they can gain from negotiations. The more willing they are to give up, the more they will gain. The President spoke of lifting sanctions. The President spoke of economic partnerships and similar things. None of this will happen unless Iran makes a firm commitment to halt any activity close to developing nuclear weapons. The President holds all the cards. We have many options, and I believe we are in a strong position now.”

Vance mentioned that three different 10-point proposals had circulated in the media and sought to clarify the situation as someone involved in the negotiations. He said, “The first 10-point proposal was, we believe, written by ChatGPT and presented to Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner. It was immediately discarded and rejected.”

Regarding Iranian Parliament Speaker Mohammad Bagher Qalibaf’s claim that three key points of the agreed 10-point proposal had been violated, Vance said there had been some disagreements before negotiations began. He said, “This implies there were many points of agreement, because there is a 15-point plan circulating and a 10-point plan. If they are disappointed on three points, that actually means there were many agreements.”

Vance, questioning how well Qalibaf understood English, said some of the points Qalibaf raised did not make sense in the context of the negotiations he had conducted. Vance noted that hours after Trump announced the ceasefire, Iran launched many missiles and Israel responded, saying, “That is the nature of a ceasefire. No ceasefire happens without some interruptions.”