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This article was automatically translated from the original Turkish version.
The 2025 Tianjin Summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization is the organization’s 25th Meeting of the Council of Heads of State. The summit will be held in the city of Tianjin, located in northern China, from 31 August to 1 September 2025. China is hosting the meeting, with President Xi Jinping presiding over it.
25th Meeting of the Council of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, 31 August 2025 – (Anadolu Ajansı)
This summit is planned as the most widely attended SCO summit to date. The participation format extends beyond member states to include observer states, dialogue partners, and invited countries in “SCO Plus” sessions. The summit’s main theme has been set within the framework of the “SCO Year of Sustainable Development” declared for 2025.
It is anticipated that a “Tianjin Declaration” will be adopted at the conclusion of the summit, along with the approval of the organization’s strategic roadmap covering the years 2025 to 2035. Additionally, various documents are expected to be signed in the fields of security, trade, energy, and cultural cooperation, and joint statements will be issued to mark the 80th anniversary of the end of the Second World War and the 80th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations.
The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) traces its origins to the “Agreement on Deepening Military Trust in Border Areas,” signed on 26 April 1996 by China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. These countries later became known as the “Shanghai Five.” On 15 June 2001, with the inclusion of Uzbekistan, a decision was made to enhance cooperation, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization was formally established.
The current structure of the organization consists of 10 full members: China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, India, Pakistan, Iran, and Belarus. Mongolia and Afghanistan hold observer status, while 14 countries, including Türkiye, maintain relations with the organization as dialogue partners.
The highest decision-making body of the SCO is the Council of Heads of State. This council meets once a year, and the host country assumes the rotating presidency. The Council of Heads of Government is also one of the organization’s key mechanisms and convenes annually. In addition, regular ministerial-level meetings are held across numerous fields including foreign affairs, defense, security, economy, trade, culture, health, education, transportation, emergency response, science and technology, agriculture, judiciary, and tourism.
The SCO’s permanent organs are the Secretariat in Beijing and the Executive Committee of the Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS) in Tashkent. The Secretary-General of the Secretariat and the Director of RATS are appointed by the Council of Heads of State for a three-year term. As of 2022, Zhang Ming (China) served as Secretary-General and R.E. Mirzayev (Uzbekistan) as Director of RATS. The official and working languages of the organization are Chinese and Russian.
China assumed the rotating presidency of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in July 2024 and became the host country for the 2025 Tianjin Summit. Under its presidency, the theme “SCO Year of Sustainable Development” was proclaimed, and over a hundred events were organized throughout the year. Ministerial-level meetings were held in diplomacy, economy, trade, defense, and finance. In addition, forums for political parties, summits for media and think tanks, art festivals, and inter-city cooperation meetings were conducted.
Chinese President Xi Jinping will preside over the 25th Meeting of the Council of Heads of State and host the expanded sessions under the “SCO Plus” format. The city of Tianjin has undergone extensive preparations for the summit. Flags, posters, and light displays bearing the SCO Summit logo have been installed across various districts of the city. A media center for the summit has been activated, and workspaces have been prepared for international press.
Additionally, events such as the SCO Digital Economy Forum (July 2025), the Intercultural Dialogue Conference (July 2025), and the Global Mayors Dialogue (July 2025) were held as part of the summit preparation process. Chinese officials have reported that logistical, security, and service support systems in Tianjin have been strengthened to enhance the city’s hosting capacity ahead of the summit.
The heads of state and government of the 10 full member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization will attend the summit. These countries are China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, India, Pakistan, Iran, and Belarus.
Mongolia participates in the meeting as an observer. Afghanistan is also among the observer states but does not hold an active status.
A total of 14 countries, including Türkiye, hold dialogue partner status with the SCO. Other countries in this category include Azerbaijan, Armenia, Egypt, Qatar, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Myanmar, the Maldives, Nepal, Cambodia, Sri Lanka, and Kuwait.
A large number of heads of state and government will attend the summit. Among the participants are Russian President Vladimir Putin, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian, Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko, Kazakh President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, Kyrgyz President Sadyr Japarov, Tajik President Emomali Rahmon, and Uzbek President Shavkat Mirziyoyev.
Also attending are Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev, Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan, Mongolian President Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh, Turkmen President Serdar Berdimuhamedow, Nepalese Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli, Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, Indonesian President Prabowo Subianto, Egyptian Prime Minister Mostafa Madbouly, Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Manet, Maldivian President Mohamed Muizzu, Lao President Thongloun Sisoulith, and Vietnamese Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh.
The United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres, SCO Secretary-General Nurlan Yermekbayev, ASEAN Secretary-General Kao Kim Hourn, OECD Secretary-General Asad Khan, Collective Security Treaty Organization Secretary-General Imangali Tasmagambetov, Commonwealth of Independent States Secretary-General Sergey Lebedev, and Secretary-General of the Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia Kairat Sarybay will attend the summit. Additionally, Jin Liqun, President of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, will participate in the meetings.
The opening session of the summit was held on 31 August 2025 in Tianjin. At the opening, Chinese President Xi Jinping delivered a speech in which he reviewed the SCO’s development process since its founding based on the principle of multilateralism, its contribution to international equality and justice, and the expansion of its cooperation mechanisms. Xi Jinping called for setting aside differences and strengthening cooperation and solidarity.
The core discussions of the summit are conducted within the framework of the SCO Council of Heads of State meetings. At these sessions, issues such as security, economy, trade, energy, cultural cooperation, and regional matters are addressed. Additionally, common security approaches, facilitation of trade, and coordination in multilateral projects are included on the agenda.
Under the summit, “SCO Plus” sessions are held, involving observer countries, dialogue partners, and invited countries. At these sessions, leaders of non-member states and representatives of international organizations speak and share their views on regional development, global governance, and multilateral cooperation. A speech by Türkiye’s President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan is also planned for this session.
The summit program includes not only official sessions but also bilateral meetings among leaders. In this context, Chinese President Xi Jinping is expected to hold bilateral contacts with various heads of state, and other leaders are also scheduled to conduct separate meetings.
At the conclusion of the summit, joint declarations and documents are planned to be adopted. In this regard:
On the first day of the summit, heads of state and government, as well as representatives of international organizations, arrived in Tianjin and were formally welcomed prior to the official program beginning. Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan arrived in Tianjin on 31 August 2025 and was greeted by Chinese State Councilor Li Hongzhong, Turkish Ambassador to Beijing Selçuk Ünal, and embassy staff. Erdoğan was accompanied by his wife Emine Erdoğan and several ministers. The delegation included Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan, Minister of Energy and Natural Resources Alparslan Bayraktar, Minister of Treasury and Finance Mehmet Şimşek, Minister of National Defense Yaşar Güler, Minister of Industry and Technology Mehmet Fatih Kacır, Minister of Trade Ömer Bolat, Presidential Communications Director Burhanettin Duran, MİT Chief İbrahim Kalın, and Defense Industries Chief Haluk Görgün.
Shanghai Cooperation Organization’s 25th Council of Heads of State Summit, President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan arrives in Tianjin, China, 31 August 2025 – (Anadolu Agency)
Russian President Vladimir Putin, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Kazakh President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, Kyrgyz President Sadyr Japarov, Tajik President Emomali Rahmon, Uzbek President Shavkat Mirziyoyev, Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev, Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan, and other heads of state also arrived in Tianjin on the same day.
Additionally, Mongolian President Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh, Turkmen President Serdar Berdimuhamedow, Nepalese Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli, Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, Indonesian President Prabowo Subianto, Egyptian Prime Minister Mostafa Madbouly, Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Manet, Maldivian President Mohamed Muizzu, Lao President Thongloun Sisoulith, and Vietnamese Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh were among other leaders who arrived in Tianjin.
Shanghai Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi arrives in Tianjin, China for the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Summit, 30 August 2025 – (Anadolu Agency)
In addition to United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres, SCO Secretary-General Nurlan Yermekbayev, ASEAN Secretary-General Kao Kim Hourn, ECO Secretary-General Asad Khan, CSTO Secretary-General Imangali Tasmagambetov, CIS Secretary-General Sergey Lebedev, CICA Secretary-General Kairat Sarybay, and Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank President Jin Liqun were also present in Tianjin.
The official opening of the 2025 Tianjin Shanghai Cooperation Organization Summit took place on 31 August 2025 in Tianjin, northern China. The ceremony was held as part of the 25th Council of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). Attendees included leaders from all 10 SCO member states, as well as observers, dialogue partners, and invited countries. Representatives from the United Nations, ASEAN, the Economic Cooperation Organization, the Collective Security Treaty Organization, the Commonwealth of Independent States, the Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia, and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank were also present.
At the opening, Chinese President Xi Jinping took the podium to deliver the summit’s keynote address. In his speech, he noted that since its founding, the SCO had developed a multilateral cooperation model based on mutual trust and benefit, upholding international equality and justice. Xi emphasized that the organization had become an effective counterforce to hegemonism and power politics, and stressed the need to advocate for an “equal and orderly multipolar world” and “inclusive global economic globalization.”
Special emphasis was placed on economic cooperation. The Chinese president called on SCO members to better leverage the strength of their “mega-scale markets” and economic complementarities. He urged enhanced collaboration in facilitating trade and investment, developing energy infrastructure, green industry, the digital economy, scientific and technological innovation, and artificial intelligence.
Xi Jinping also announced concrete contributions China would make to SCO member states. For 2025, China will provide 2 billion yuan in grant assistance to SCO countries and offer 10 billion yuan in credit through the SCO Interbank Consortium. Additionally, China pledged to establish ten “Lu Ban Workshops” over five years to provide vocational training to 10,000 individuals.
During the opening session, more than 20 national leaders were present in the hall, including Russian President Vladimir Putin, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian, and Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif. United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres, in a brief statement, affirmed that China is one of the key actors supporting global multilateralism.
Chinese President Xi Jinping met with Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan in Tianjin. During the meeting, a strategic partnership was established between the two countries. The leaders affirmed their commitment to providing strong mutual support and deepening cooperation across all fields.
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited China for the first time in seven years and met with Xi Jinping. The meeting focused on the need to advance China-India relations within a framework of common development rather than competition. The leaders assessed steps to enhance bilateral trade.
Chinese President Xi Jinping and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi meet at the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Summit in Tianjin, China, 31 August 2025 – (Anadolu Agency)
Russian President Vladimir Putin traveled to China to attend the Tianjin summit. During their first-day talks, a shared vision for the global security order emerged. Putin highlighted that increased use of national currencies within the SCO framework strengthens multilateralism, while Xi reiterated his call for multipolarity and inclusive globalization.
Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev met with Chinese President Xi Jinping in Tianjin. The two leaders noted that relations between their countries have developed successfully for over 30 years and have now reached a comprehensive strategic partnership level. Xi Jinping underscored Azerbaijan’s vital role in the Belt and Road Initiative and highlighted the critical position of the Trans-Caspian corridor in transporting Chinese goods. He also emphasized the expansion of cooperation in energy, renewable energy, and digitalization.
Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev meets Chinese President Xi Jinping during the 25th Council of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Summit in Tianjin, China, 31 August 2025 – (Anadolu Agency)
President Aliyev drew attention to the importance of the comprehensive strategic partnership document signed with China, stating that relations with China are among the top priorities of Azerbaijan’s foreign policy. Aliyev also affirmed Azerbaijan’s support for China’s positions on Taiwan, Hong Kong, and the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The two leaders assessed the importance of direct dialogue toward establishing lasting peace between Azerbaijan and Armenia. They also discussed mutual support in international organizations, developments in tourism, and the contribution of increased transit via the Middle Corridor to regional connectivity.
Chinese President Xi Jinping is scheduled to hold additional meetings with other leaders on the second day of the summit, with the aim of advancing bilateral relations and exploring opportunities for regional cooperation.
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan meets Chinese President Xi Jinping in Tianjin, China, 31 August 2025 – (Anadolu Agency)
Erdoğan – Xi Jinping Meeting
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan met with Chinese President Xi Jinping in Tianjin. The meeting focused on economic cooperation between Turkey and China. Erdoğan stressed the need to increase bilateral trade in a balanced and sustainable manner. Potential areas of collaboration in digital technologies, energy, healthcare, and tourism were discussed. The importance of Chinese companies investing in Turkey was also highlighted.
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan meets Chinese President Xi Jinping in Tianjin, China, 31 August 2025 – (Anadolu Agency)
Both leaders emphasized the need to align the Middle Corridor initiative with the Belt and Road Initiative and agreed to take joint steps in this regard. Erdoğan reaffirmed Turkey’s support for China’s One-China policy and underscored the strategic dimension of bilateral relations. Regional issues including the situation in Gaza, the Ukraine-Russia war, and Syria’s reconstruction were also discussed.
President Erdoğan met with Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif at his hotel. The meeting focused on enhancing Turkey-Pakistan relations across multiple dimensions. Both sides stressed the need to strengthen cooperation in trade, energy, defense industry, and security. Erdoğan noted that the solidarity between Turkey and Pakistan has also contributed to strengthening ties with the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan meets Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif in Tianjin, China, 31 August 2025 – (Anadolu Agency)
The situation in Gaza was also addressed. Erdoğan stated that Turkey’s stance on Israel’s policies in Gaza aligns with Pakistan’s position. The two sides exchanged views on regional peace, Syria’s territorial integrity, and humanitarian issues.
President Erdoğan met with Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev at his hotel. The meeting was attended by Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan and Azerbaijani Foreign Minister Jeyhun Bayramov. Discussions centered on Turkey-Azerbaijan relations, regional development initiatives, and cooperation in energy and transportation. Erdoğan emphasized the importance of coordinating development projects between the two countries.
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan meets Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev in Tianjin, China, 31 August 2025 – (Anadolu Agency)
President Erdoğan received Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan. The meeting was attended by Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan and Armenian Foreign Minister Ararat Mirzoyan. Discussions focused on steps toward lasting stability and peace in the South Caucasus. Erdoğan expressed satisfaction with progress in the peace process between Azerbaijan and Armenia and stressed the need to evaluate steps toward improving Turkey-Armenia relations.
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan meets Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan in Tianjin, China, 31 August 2025 – (Anadolu Agency)
On the evening of the first day of the 2025 Tianjin Shanghai Cooperation Organization Summit, a gala dinner was held in honor of the leaders. The event took place at the Meixiang Convention and Exhibition Center in Tianjin, hosted by Chinese President Xi Jinping and his wife Peng Liyuan.
Before the dinner, heads of state and government along with their spouses participated in a family photo session. During the photo, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan shook hands and exchanged brief remarks with Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
Family photo taken before the gala dinner hosted by Chinese President Xi Jinping in honor of leaders, 31 August 2025 – (Anadolu Agency)
The gala dinner was attended by Russian President Vladimir Putin, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian, Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko, Kazakh President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, Kyrgyz President Sadyr Japarov, Tajik President Emomali Rahmon, Uzbek President Shavkat Mirziyoyev, Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev, Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan, Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, Indonesian President Prabowo Subianto, Egyptian Prime Minister Mostafa Madbouly, Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Manet, Maldivian President Mohamed Muizzu, Nepalese Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli, Vietnamese Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh, Lao President Thongloun Sisoulith, and Turkmen President Serdar Berdimuhamedow.
Also in attendance were United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres, SCO Secretary-General Nurlan Yermekbayev, ASEAN Secretary-General Kao Kim Hourn, ECO Secretary-General Asad Khan, CSTO Secretary-General Imangali Tasmagambetov, CIS Secretary-General Sergey Lebedev, AIIB President Jin Liqun, and CICA Secretary-General Kairat Sarybay.
Throughout the dinner, leaders gathered at their tables, and host President Xi Jinping personally greeted each guest. Images captured Xi Jinping engaging in a warm conversation with Russian President Vladimir Putin.
The second day of the summit in Tianjin continued with expanded sessions and bilateral meetings between leaders. Participants addressed issues including energy security connectivity regional peace and global governance. The day’s agenda concluded with morning negotiation blocks and afternoon discussions.
In his address at the expanded session President Erdoğan highlighted the humanitarian crisis in Gaza. He emphasized the need for reform to transform the United Nations into a credible platform for global justice. The importance of energy and connectivity for global stability economic development and sustainable growth was underscored. Efforts to align the Caspian Transit East–West Central Corridor initiative with the Belt and Road Initiative were noted. The Development Corridor Project implemented in the north–southeast direction was stated to contribute significantly to transportation and communication across a wide geographic area.
President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan held a meeting with Chinese President Xi Jinping. During the meeting the need to increase bilateral trade in a balanced and sustainable manner was emphasized. Cooperation potential in digital technologies energy health and tourism was discussed. The encouragement of Chinese companies’ investment activities in Türkiye and the regular operation of existing consultation mechanisms were underlined. The importance of joint steps to align the Central Corridor initiative with the Belt and Road Initiative was highlighted. The humanitarian situation in Gaza the Russia–Ukraine war and the reconstruction of Syria were also addressed.
President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan at the Expanded Session of the 25th Summit of the Council of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in Tianjin China – (Anadolu Agency)
In his speech President Erdoğan stated that Türkiye has strengthened its relations with Asian countries within the framework of the Reimagining Asia Initiative and enhanced its engagement with regional organizations. He added:
"Undoubtedly the Shanghai Cooperation Organization holds a unique position among these institutions. In an era marked by declining global predictability and increasing challenges I place great value on the Shanghai spirit and its principles. The resolution of global problems can only be achieved through cooperation and enhanced collective efforts based on effective multilateralism. From our perspective the multilateral system centered on the United Nations is where this will materialize. Yet we see that the United Nations requires serious reform to fulfill its assigned responsibilities. It is very difficult to claim that the current system shaped by conditions 80 years ago has been able to achieve what is expected of it despite all the efforts of our esteemed friend Secretary-General Guterres whether in ending the injustices in the Middle East or preserving the rules-based international order."
Erdoğan said: "If the international community cannot prevent the killing of more than 63000 Gazans children women and elderly or stop the starvation of innocent children then we are all obliged to put our heads in our hands and reflect." He continued:
"It is a fact that for 23 months we have been unable to stop the barbarity of babies children and the elderly dying of hunger. There is no justification and there never will be. I believe it is our collective responsibility to transform the United Nations into a platform representing global justice in the face of the longstanding injustices suffered by the Palestinian people especially in Gaza. I thank all my friends and all people of conscience who have raised their voices for the entire Palestinian people in Gaza and the West Bank."
President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan at the Expanded Session of the 25th Summit of the Council of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in Tianjin China – (Anadolu Agency)
President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan’s Speech at the Expanded Session of the 25th Summit of the Council of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in Tianjin China – Anadolu Agency.
In his meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin Erdoğan stated that relations between the two countries have progressed on the basis of mutual respect and shared interests. Cooperation in trade energy tourism and investment was discussed.
Putin expressed great appreciation for the constructive and mutually respectful personal contacts with Erdoğan saying: "This is fully consistent with the principles of good neighborliness and the traditional friendly nature of Russian–Turkish relations. We view Türkiye as a reliable and proven partner both bilaterally and on the international stage."
The meetings emphasized the need to conclude the war in Ukraine with a just and lasting peace. It was also expressed that the negotiations between Azerbaijan and Armenia should contribute to the goal of lasting peace. Israel’s attacks on Gaza and the preservation of Syria’s territorial integrity and political unity were also addressed. Erdoğan stated that a new era has opened offering historic opportunities for lasting regional peace and stability in Syria and added:
"The support we provide to restore Syria’s territorial integrity and political unity benefits the entire region. We will continue to oppose any attempt that threatens the security and territorial integrity of our neighbor Syria. On the other hand we welcome the recent steps taken toward lasting peace stability and prosperity in the South Caucasus and Central Asia. We hope these steps will contribute to the development of human economic and commercial ties and the opening of transportation and communication routes. Our close cooperation with our brother countries in Central Asia through bilateral and multilateral platforms continues to grow daily. The steps we have taken within the framework of the Organization of Turkic States contribute not only to our brother countries but also to the stability of the wider region."
During a reception with Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif emphasis was placed on developing Türkiye–Pakistan relations in a multidimensional manner. Opportunities for cooperation in trade energy defense industry and security were assessed. The alignment of the two countries’ positions regarding the situation in Gaza was highlighted.
In the meeting with Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian it was noted that cooperation in numerous areas especially energy serves mutual interests. Support was expressed for Iran’s conduct of nuclear negotiations. The latest developments in Syria and the peace process in the South Caucasus were discussed.
During meetings with Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev, enhancing cooperation in energy and transportation was discussed. It was emphasized that regional development initiatives must be coordinated. Expressions of satisfaction were made regarding the progress of the peace process between Armenia and Azerbaijan.
In discussions with Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan, the establishment of lasting stability and peace in the South Caucasus was addressed. Steps aimed at improving Turkey–Armenia relations were evaluated.
Meeting between President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian during the 25th Summit of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in Tianjin China – (Anadolu Agency)
Chinese President Xi Jinping, in his remarks at the summit, stressed the need to oppose hegemonism and power politics and affirmed the importance of defending genuine multilateralism. He noted that global governance is at a new turning point. It was announced that grant assistance of 2 billion yuan would be provided to member states and that credit lines of 10 billion yuan would be made available through the SCO Interbank Consortium. A cooperation center in artificial intelligence will be established and member states were invited to participate in China’s lunar research station.
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Russian President Vladimir Putin met on the sidelines of the summit. Energy trade and security were discussed. Both sides emphasized the importance of constructive steps toward ending the war in Ukraine. It was stated that Russia–India relations have long possessed a special and trust-based character.
Modi’s visit to China came after a seven-year interval. In his earlier meeting with Xi Jinping ahead of the summit it was assessed that the bilateral relationship should be framed in terms of cooperative development rather than competition. Border issues and the enhancement of trade were highlighted.
The war in Ukraine and global attitudes toward it featured prominently on the summit agenda. Leaders underscored the necessity of strengthening multilateralism enhancing regional security and resolving crises through dialogue.
At the conclusion of the summit joint statements were issued marking the 80th anniversary of the end of the Second World War. Leaders are expected to attend a military parade to be held in Beijing.
President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan departed for Türkiye after concluding his engagements in Tianjin China where he attended the 25th Summit of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.
President Erdoğan was seen off at Binhai International Airport by China’s State Councilor Lei Haichao Turkish Ambassador to Beijing Selçuk Ünal and embassy staff.
Accompanying President Erdoğan on his return to Türkiye were his wife Emine Erdoğan Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan Minister of Energy and Natural Resources Alparslan Bayraktar Minister of Treasury and Finance Mehmet Şimşek Minister of National Defense Yaşar Güler Minister of Industry and Technology Mehmet Fatih Kacır Minister of Trade Ömer Bolat AK Party Deputy Chairman Halit Yerebakan MHP Deputy Chairman İsmail Faruk Aksu MİT Chief Ibrahim Kalın Presidential Communications Director Burhanettin Duran Defense Industries Chief Haluk Görgün and Head of the Presidential Office Hasan Doğan.
The 2025 Shanghai Cooperation Organization Summit was held in Tianjin China from 31 August to 1 September 2025. The summit was the most widely attended meeting in the history of the SCO involving member states observers dialogue partners and invited countries. At the opening ceremony Chinese President Xi Jinping emphasized multipolarity inclusive globalization and fair global governance and made commitments to contributions in economic and educational fields. During the first day’s sessions numerous leaders including President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan held bilateral meetings addressing issues such as Gaza the South Caucasus energy trade and transportation. On the second day’s sessions multilateralism the need for United Nations reform energy security connectivity and financial cooperation came to the fore and President Erdoğan highlighted Türkiye’s Middle Corridor and Development Route projects in his speech. The summit also drew attention to the Putin–Modi meeting Xi Jinping’s vision of global governance calls for cooperation in artificial intelligence and lunar research and joint statements marking the 80th anniversary of the end of World War II. The summit concluded on 1 September 2025.
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August 29, 2025
Institutional Framework of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization
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China’s Presidency and Summit Preparations
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Participants
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Summit Program and Working Arrangements
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2025 Tianjin SCO Summit – First Day (31 August 2025)
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Arrival of Leaders in Tianjin and Welcoming Ceremonies
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Opening Ceremony and Plenary Session (31 August 2025)
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2025 Tianjin CIIE Summit – Second Day (1 September 2025)
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Türkiye’s Participation and Engagements
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Departure of the Turkish Delegation